Max Weinreich

Max Weinreich ( born April 22, 1894 in Kuldiga, Russian Empire, today in Latvia, † January 29, 1969 in New York ) was a linguist of Yiddish and head of Yidisher Visnshaftlekher Institute ( YIVO ).

Life

Max Weinreich grew up in a German and Russian speaking family and turned under the influence of Bundists Yiddish to. He studied from 1913 in Saint Petersburg and after the First World War in Berlin and Marburg. In 1923 he earned his doctorate under Ferdinand Wrede on the history and current state of Yiddish language research and he translated the thesis also into Yiddish. In his time in Berlin in the early 1920s, he translated some writings of Sigmund Freud and Ernst Toller, the conversion into Yiddish from Russian and a textbook for the teaching of history, which was printed in Dresden. In Berlin, he began to write under the pseudonym Sore Brener as a correspondent for the New York Yiddish- language newspaper Forverts, this even when he went to Poland in 1923.

Weinreich founded and led from 1925 to 1939 in Vilnius Yidisher Visnshaftlekher Institute ( YIVO ). Vilnius fell emigrated to the USSR and Weinreich in the U.S. due to the German - Soviet Non-Aggression Pact 1939/40. From 1940 he led the YIVO in New York YIVO Institute for Jewish Research further and taught as a professor of literary history at City College in New York.

Max Weinreich is cited as the author of the saying, what distinguishes a language from a dialect: " A language is a dialect with an army and a navy" ( " אַ שפראַך איז אַ דיאַלעקט מיט אַן אַרמיי און פֿלאָט ", "a schprach is a dialect with at armej un flot ", often in English transliteration " a shprakh iz a dialect with Armey on un flot "). The quote can be found in an article by him in YIVO Bleter, January-July 1945 p 13 Max Weinreich one of his students put it in her mouth.

His son Uriel Weinreich was the editor of one of the most important bilingual Yiddish dictionaries of Modern Yiddish - English English - Yiddish Dictionary.

Publications

• Weinreich translated Sigmund Freud and Ernst Toller into Yiddish.

In Yiddish and German

• Pictures of fun Yidisher literaturgeshikhte fun di onheybn biz Mendele Moykher - Sforim, 1928.
• The Yiddish Scientific Institute ( " Jiwo " ) the scientific point of East European Jewry, 1931.
• Fun Beyde zaytn ployt: dos shturemdike lebn fun Uri Kovnern, the nihilist, 1955
• History of the Yiddish Language Research, edited by Jerold C. Frakes, 1993
• Di geshikhte fun beyzn beyz, 1937.
• Geshikhte fun of Yidisher shprakh: bagrifn, faktn, metodn, 1973.
• Hitler profesorn: heylek fun of daytsher visnshaft in daytshland farbrekhns KEGn yidishn folk. Nyu- York: Yidisher visnshaftlekher institute, Historishe sektsye, 1947.
• Mekhires -Yosef: ... aroysgenumen fun Seyfer " Tam ve yashar " un fun other Sforim ..., 1923.
• The Onheyb: zamlbukh far literature un visnshaft, redaktirt fun Aynhorn D., Sh. Gorelik, M. Vaynraykh, 1922.
• Oysgeklibene shriftn, under the redaktsye fun Shmuel Rozhanski, 1974.
• The oytser fun of Yidisher shprakh fun Nokhem Stutshkov; under the redaktsye fun Maks Vaynraykh, c. 1950
• Praktishe Gramatik fun der Yidisher shprakh F. Haylperin un Vaynraykh M., 1929.
• Shtaplen fir etyudn tsu the Yidisher shprakhvisnshaft un literaturgeshikhte, 1923.
• Yorhundert Shturemvint fun pictures of Yidisher geshikhte in zibtsntn
• Di shvartse pintelekh. Vilne: Yidisher visnshaftlekher institute, 1939.
• Di Yidishe visnshaft in heyntiker tsayt. Nyu- York: 1941.

Publication in English

• History of the Yiddish Language ( Volumes 1 and 2) ed Paul ( Hershl ) Glasser. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2008.
• Hitler 's professors: the Part of Scholarship in Germany's Crimes Against the Jewish People, Publisher: Literary Licensing, Llc, 2011 ISBN 1258030888
• History of the Yiddish language. trans. Shlomo Noble, with the assistance of Joshua A. Fishman. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1980.

Festschrift

• For Max Weinreich on his seventieth birthday; studies in Jewish languages ​​, literature, and society, 1964.