Microbiome

The microbiome refers to the totality of all the people inhabiting microorganisms. Thus, the intestinal bacteria ( intestinal flora ) are primarily associated, but also all microorganisms on the skin ( skin flora ) life.

The term was coined by Joshua Lederberg on the basis of the genome, as he claimed after the completion of the Human Genome Project, that the microflora of man must be considered, since this part is the human metabolic system and have therefore a significant influence on people.

Microbiome of the human

About the microbiome of humans is still very little known.

A scientific project called Human Microbiome Project to sequence genomes of all the microorganisms that colonize humans was not until December 2007 in the USA, launched by the NIH. The study is based on samples from the mouth, throat and nose, based out of the skin, the digestive tract and the urogenital tract of women. It was a free database established to facilitate cooperation between the groups.

Meanwhile separate microbiome be considered that only a particular part of the human body include ( mouth, skin surface). For example, the oral microbiome was taken in early 2008 by the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research and ( NIDCR ) in collaboration with researchers from other countries in attack. It already includes 600 microorganisms. The researchers placed these microorganisms gradually in a pedigree of what was possible by the sequencing of the 16S rRNA. So they hope for a better understanding of their importance in the development of tooth decay or various disorders of digestion.