Mikhail Shifman

Mikhail "Misha " Arkadyevitch Schifman (Russian: Михаил Аркадьевич Шифман, scientific transliteration Mikhail Šifman; born April 4, 1949 in Riga), quoted in English as Mikhail Shifman, is a Russian theoretical physicist who is particularly concerned with quantum chromodynamics ( QCD) and supersymmetric versions of QCD busy.

Schifman moved with his family in 1952 in the Ukraine and then to Moscow. In 1966 he began his studies at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology in Dolgoprudny in Moscow ( completion 1972) and then at the Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics ( ITEP ) with Boris Joffe, Valentin Sakharov and Arkady Vainshtein where he received his doctorate in 1976 ( Russian doctoral degree, corresponding to the Habilitation in Western countries ). He remained until 1989 at the Institute and, after the collapse of the Soviet Union (1989 he was allowed for the first time travel to the West, to the University of Berne) in 1990 as a professor at the University of Minnesota, where he is " Ida Cohen Fine Professor " today.

Schifman is mainly through his investigations, partly with his teachers Sakharov and Vainshtein, on nonperturbative aspects of QCD ( and in general of Yang-Mills theories and their supersymmetric analogues ) are known, in particular the role of instantons in confinement problem. With Sakharov and Vainshtein he found in 1979 named after them SVZ sum rules of QCD, make the properties of some low energy Mesonenzustände an analytical calculation in QCD accessible.

In the 1990s he also took extra dimensions in elementary particle physics. He examined, inter alia, the opportunity to explain the observed 3-family structure of elementary particles and the disappearance of the cosmological constant with Brane - worlds in extra dimensions.

Already in the 1980s he received in his research group in Moscow, the first exact results on supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories ( gluino condensate, NSVZ beta function), from the Works of Nathan Seiberg and Edward Witten. In the 1990s, he found in supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories nonperturbative structures such as boundary surfaces ( domain walls) with special "critical" properties ( BPS saturated ), river tubes (flux tubes) and monopolies with confinement. He also found exact transitions of supersymmetric to " ordinary " Yang-Mills theories ( the " orientifold " type ) with the help of development after an infinite number of color degrees of freedom ( "Large N Limit", " Planar equivalence ").

He also deals with other aspects of QCD such as semileptonic decays and the physics of heavy quarks in QCD. In 1974, he discovered with Vainshtein and Zakharov, proceed as flavor -violating weak decays via the so-called penguin diagram. In the 1980s he studied the physics of heavy quarks with operator - product developments.

In 1980, he led with Vainshtein and Zakharov a, the "invisible axion " ( Invisible Axion ) after the original Axion was excluded by astrophysical observations.

Schifman is a Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS ). In 1997 he was awarded the Alexander von Humboldt Research Award. In 1999 he received the Sakurai Prize with Valentin Ivanovich Sakharov ( Zakharov ) and Arkady Vainshtein. In 2006 he received the Lilienfeld Prize. In 2007 he was the owner of the Chaires Blaise Pascal in Paris. For 2013, the program the Pomeranchuk Prize was awarded.

Writings

  • ITEP Lectures on Physics and Field Theory 2 volumes, World Scientific, Singapore, 1999
  • Instantons in Gauge Theories. World Scientific, 2004 ( Reprint band )
  • Publisher: Vacuum Structure and QCD Sum Rules. North Holland 1992
  • With Unsal: Confinement in Yang - Mills: The Big Picture. 2008
  • Exact results in gauge theories - putting Supersymmetry to work. Sakurai Lecture 1999
  • ITEP Lectures in Particle Physics. 1995 ( introduction to his ITEP Lectures in Particle Physics with memories )
Color confinement Brane cosmology Integrated Authority File
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