Montgomery, Powys
Montgomery ( Welsh: Trefaldwyn ) is the former capital of the county of Montgomeryshire and located 22 miles south west of Shrewsbury on the B below the 4386 by King Henry III. to 1223 built castle, can be found from the today only ruins.
History
The settlement in the area close to the River Severn is already much older than the castle, mentioned: So are within Montgomery the remains of several Iron Age hill forts, as well as a large Roman camp (possibly named Lavobrinta ). On the edge of town and the famous Wall of King Offa of Mercia runs from the 8th century. The name Montgomery derives from the Norman nobles, Roger of Montgomery (1030-1094), from the King William I. gave the land after the conquest of 1066 there. Montgomery was originally from the Pays d'Auge in Normandy and was entrusted by the king with the task, both against the Welsh princes as against the dispossessed Saxon Thanes to secure the land for the Norman conquerors. He built about a mile south of the present town, a first wooden castle which is today under the name " Hen Domen ( Old Castle ) " known.
In the battle for the Welsh independence in the 13th century played Montgomery, which received its town charter in 1227, several times an important role: The castle of Llywelyn ap Iorwerth ( ll. the Great) was 1228 and 1231 again attacked, but not conquered, though the city was probably burned to the ground. A renewed attack she suffered from Dafydd ap Llywelyn 1245th A special event in the medieval history of the town is known as the " Treaty of Montgomery " ( Treaty of M. ), which was the end of September 1267 closed. In this document, in the strict sense, however, no contract, but a from the papal legate, Cardinal Ottobuono, verfertigtes Minutes of the previous negotiations in Shrewsbury is Llywelyn ap Gruffuth ( the "last " ) by English king Henry III. recognized as Prince of Wales, the Welsh princes others have to swear allegiance, while his hand Llywelyn had to make such an oath to the King. Although the agreements in Shrewsbury came about, they were sealed at a meeting on Hafren ( Severn ) and then celebrated at the castle of Montgomery.
After the campaign Edwards I.1277 the city walls were 1279/80 rebuilt in stone and expanded the castle 1283-88 to some buildings.
The long period of peace after the English occupation of Wales reduced the strategic importance of the castle of Montgomery so much that already in 1343 a considerable part had expired. Although found under Roger Mortimer, the second Earl of Mark ( Earl of the March ) to 1359, and then under Henry VIII in the 30s of the 16th century once major repairs instead, but they were town and castle of Montgomery no longer of major military importance.
1541 Montogmery was handed over to the Herbert family, who to this day - ask the Earl of Powys - albeit in synchronous lines.
During the Civil War in 1633 there was a battle at the gates of the city, in which the parliamentarians with 3000 people a roughly 2,000 men defeated stronger royal troops. The castle has now been classified as dangerous by the victors, which they had to surrender in 1644; In 1649 it was therefore removed. Partially materials were then used for construction in the city.
Today's cityscape shows at its core essentially houses from the second half of the 18th century, which is, however, is only new building frontages of older houses in many cases. However, there are also a number of houses in the typical half-timbered style of Montgomeryshire.