Moritz Cantor
Moritz Benedikt Cantor ( born August 23, 1829 in Mannheim, † April 10, 1920 in Heidelberg) was the first professor of the history of mathematics in Germany.
Life
Cantor studied mathematics from 1848 in Heidelberg, and later in 1851 in Göttingen under Carl Friedrich Gauss, Wilhelm Weber and Moritz Stern, and in 1852 in Berlin by Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet and Jakob Steiner. After completing his doctorate on May 6, 1851 work A little in use of co-ordinates, he habilitated in 1853 again in Heidelberg with basic features of an elementary arithmetic and taught there since 1860, the history of mathematics, since 1875 in a regular three-semester course. The late 1850s he met during a stay in Paris in the mathematics historian and geometer Michel Chasles, who published a work of Cantor on the history of mathematics ( Zenodorus ) in the Comptes Rendus of the Paris Academy.
1853 Moritz Cantor lecturer at the University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg University. 1863 Cantor was extraordinary professor there in 1875, and honorary professor, until his retirement in 1913. In 1877 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina.
1900 Moritz Cantor held a plenary lecture at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Paris (L' historiography of Mathématiques ).
On August 23, 1868 his birthday, married Moritz Cantor Telly Gerothwohl. His tomb and that of his wife Telly Cantor, born Gerothwohl is situated on Mount Cemetery (Heidelberg ) in the department: Q 312
Work
Cantor is known for his lectures on the history of mathematics, is treated to about the end of the 18th century the time. Are many errors in its history, partially corrected in Annual Report of the DMV 1922 ( Ferdinand Rudio ) and in particular by Gustaf Eneström, a sharp critic of Cantor, the hundreds of pages and a special section in his journal Bibliotheca Mathematica dedicated corrections to Cantor's lectures. Nevertheless, Cantor is still regarded as one of the basic ( and most extensive ) Projects for the history of mathematics.
A criticism of Cantor's work was his view that the Indo - Arabic decimal system already was from the Pythagoreans, including his so-called geometry II, which was Boethius attributed, served as proof - he held this collective work of the 11th century still for an original work of Boethius. First he took this view in his Mathematical contributions to the cultural life of the peoples. He worked in other articles with the tradition of the Hindu-Arabic arithmetic in the west and examined the tradition of the practical aspects of the geometry from antiquity to the Middle Ages ( The Roman agrimensores ).
Cantor was from 1859 associate editor of the Journal of Mathematics and Physics, which he developed with the supplementary volumes Essays on the History of Mathematics ( 1877, from Bd.11 in 1901 INDEPENDENCE published ) an important journal for the history of mathematics in the 19th century, next to Eneströms Bibliotheca Mathematica and Baldassare Boncompagnis bull Tino. With Boncompagni he was a friend and also published many essays in the bull Tino.
Cantor also published biographies, for example, Karl Wilhelm Feuerbach (1910 ), Gauss ( 1899), Cardano (1903 ), Leonardo da Vinci ( 1890), Copernicus ( 1899), Nicholas of Cusa (1889 ).
Writings
- Lectures on the history of mathematics. 4 volumes. Leipzig from 1880 to 1908. ( a comprehensive account of the history of mathematics. ) Vol 1 (1880, 2nd edition 1894, 3rd edition 1907) covering the period up to 1200, Volume 2 (1892, 2nd edition 1900), 1200-1668, Volume 3 ( 1894 to 1898, 2nd edition 1901), 1668-1758, Vol 4 (1908), covering the period up to the dissertation by Gauss in 1799, is an anthology of essays by Cantor, Gino Loria, Florian Cajori, Viktor Bobynin, Anton of Braunmühl, Eugen Netto, Viktor Kommerell, Giuseppe Vivanti, Siegmund Günther, Carl Raimund Wallner. Together, the factory has more than 3900 pages.
- Mathematical contributions to the cultural life of the peoples. Halle ( Saale), 1863.
- The Roman agrimensores and its place in the history of Feldmeßkunst. Leipzig 1876.
- Political arithmetic or The arithmetic of daily life. Teubner, Leipzig, 1898, 1903. ( Financial mathematics, etc.)
- Euclid and his century. 1867 ( about Euclid, Archimedes, Apollonius ).