Moscow Manege
The Manege (Russian Манеж ) is one of the biggest cultural exhibition complexes in Moscow and is often used since 1957 for changing exhibitions and art fairs with international importance. It is one of Moscow's historic center and is adjacent to the Alexander Garden and the Kremlin.
History
1817, the arena was built as a parade hall the officer riding school in honor of the victory over Napoleon in 1812 and was inaugurated on 12 November 1817, Tsar Alexander I in the 5-year celebration of the victory with a parade. The military use for an entire company of 2000 men and simultaneous horse show led to a very large for its time scale of 170 x 45 meters and were greeted by the Spanish engineer and Russian general Agustín de Betancourt y Molina ( 1758-1824 ) with a pillarless, hitherto unprecedented roof construction, as an audacious engineering feat constructed. To complete the hall in time for the anniversary, it was built in a record time of just six months.
1823 to 1835 the building in classical style from the Russian-Italian architect Joseph Bové ( 1784-1834 ) was redesigned, who had several urban development projects, as well as that of the Manege Square directed to close the gaps of the great fire of 1812, the was laid by the Muscovites themselves to repel Napoleon's troops.
In the 1830s, the roof structure of the pillarless Parade Hall of structural reasons, but had to be reinforced with supports in the hall.
Already since 1831 the arena for exhibitions and trade fairs is also used in civil, 1872 for the polytechnic exhibition, concert or 1867 for a ball with 12,000 guests. After the October Revolution of 1917 it was used by the Government from time to time as a garage.
In 1957 she was again used for public exhibitions and events. 1962 was the speech restrictive in the context of state cultural policy of a ring scandal during an art exhibition.
In 1997, the arena was restored to the 850-year celebration of Moscow, at the same time an underground shopping center (Russian Охотный Ряд - Ochotny Ryad ) was under the Manege Square built, which is also called the Moscow Manege. The hall will continue to be used for art, culture and other exhibitions and events.
On 14 March 2004, the ring fell on the evening of the Russian presidential elections, completely on fire, while two firefighters were killed by a collapsing roof part. The authorities already mentioned during the fire a short circuit as the cause, on the other hand assumed the Moscow press arson. She recalled that a group of investors, which was criticized by citizens who wanted to replace the historically significant Manege by a new building with underground parking. This group also presented a report before that purports the wooden roof of the 186 -year-old arena was collapsing and fire risk. Even the mayor of Moscow Yuri Luzhkov endorsed the new building.
Approximately one year after the fire, the Manege building was re-opened after an extensive reconstruction.
Moscow Design Museum
Since November 2012, is in the ring, among others, an exhibition of Soviet design from the 1950s to the 1980s to see. The exhibition, which is supported by a private association, the Moscow Design Museum and is supported by the Department of Culture of Moscow City Government has found great interest among the population, especially since it is open to 10 clock in the evening.