Muhammad ibn Isa at-Tirmidhi
At- Tirmidhi, Arabic محمد بن عيسى بن سورة السلمي الترمذي أبو عيسى Mohammed ibn ʿ Īsā b. Saura as- Sulami al-Tirmidhi, Abū ʿ Īsā, DMG Muḥammad b. Īsā ʿ b. Saura as- at- Tirmidhi Sulami, Abū ʿ Īsā, (* 825 in BUGH, near Termez on the Amu Darya in what is now Uzbekistan, † 892 in Termez ) was an Aryan tradition and author of one of the canonical collections of traditions in the Islamic literature.
Curriculum vitae
He studied in Bukhara and made an extensive study trip to Khorasan, Iraq and Hijaz. His most famous teacher was al -Bukhari, was, after his death in 869 at- Tirmidhi as his successor in the teaching of Khorasan. He had also to other hadith scholars of his time Contacts: Abū Dāwūd as- Sidschistānī, Muslim ibn al - Hajjaj and others.
Works
His principal work is his collection of authentic traditions after the Prophet Mohammed under the title: al- Jami ' as- Sahih / الجامع الصحيح / al - ʿ Ǧāmi aṣ - Sahih, called " Sunan al-Tirmidhi " by the Egyptian scholar Muhammad Ahmad Shakir ( et alii ) was published between 1937 to 1965 in five volumes. The collection includes a total of 3956 traditions with the critical remarks of the author. It is the merit of at- Tirmidhi who narrated from him hadiths into three main categories of tradition criticism ( " Sahih ": healthy, authentic, " hasan ": beautiful, correct and " gharib ": unusual, strange ) divided and the different views of the law schools have added to. " He takes on every tradition, profitability is demonstrated by her that she had ever been regarded as a Gesetzkundigem evidence and argument in the legal practice, in other words, each set on which one has ever called. "
At the end of his work stands at around thirty printed pages be kitāb al - ʿ Ilal / كتاب العلل /, The Book of ( well known ) error ', a theoretical treatise on the critique of tradition and the tradition of non- authentic hadiths in Islamic writings of his predecessors, including their criticism by the author. This paper has then ʿ Abd ar - Rahmaan b. Ahmad, Ibn Rajab al - Hanbali († 1393 in Damascus ) to around 500 pages of comments.
The work is one of the six canonical hadith in the Islamic tradition beings. With its presentation of the hadiths he is one of the oldest sources " for comparative research on the divergences of orthodox fiqh schools ." No mention, however, remains at -Tirmidhi Imam Abu Hanifa and his theory of law, as he, at- Tirmidhi, an opponent of the Ra'y, who was personally influenced, subjective view of the law as a source of Islamic jurisprudence. For it is the tradition of the Aryans and not the followers of Ra'y, who best understand the meaning and possible applications of the Hadith.
His Kitab al- ʾ il Schama / كتاب الشمائل / Kitāb aš -sama ʾ il /, The Book of traits ' is a summary of the exterior of Mohammed, which was printed several times in the Orient 1933-1934 and translated into English.
The small collection tasmiyat Ashab Rasulillah / تسمية أصحاب رسول الله / tasmiyat Ashab Rasulillah contains the names of the companions of Muhammad, in its capacity as agent of the sayings of the Prophet. The collection is preserved only in fragments.