Multi-storey car park

A parking garage (also high garage ) is a mostly multi-storey building, where parking for cars or motorcycles and rare for trucks or bicycles are. Car parks are usually built in major cities to better utilize the scarce urban space and the street area of parked cars to relieve ( so-called stationary traffic).

Operation

A distinction is principally on the type of development:

  • Ramps and half- ramps ( which is almost always the drivers drive their vehicle even for parking space and there to pick up again ) A space- saving variant is the D' Humy system
  • Park homes that have arranged parking in parking ramps, are very economical.

For the parking of a vehicle usually a parking fee must be paid. For security reasons, many car parks are monitored by video camera. In modern plants an occupancy sensor is also usually installed that displays the users, how many parking places are still available. This is often associated with a parking guidance system. In some car parks there are specially reserved for women parking; these are often located on highly visible locations near the guards or they are particularly monitored with video cameras.

Related terms

The term large garage often parallel used, but misleading were ( after about 1920) and garage facilities referred to included the only single storey vehicle halls and a number of single garages in combination with a workshop and a gas station - that have a car park in the modern sense little in common.

Often referred to by the term car park and underground car parks, which are in contrast to high Garages / parking garages under the earth. Also, combinations of both, are present.

History / Development

The need to provide parking for automobiles in large scale, was probably first in the U.S., where the mass motorization began much earlier than in other parts of the world. In the metropolises of the construction of high garages began shortly after the First World War.

Close to Piccadilly Circus was created on May 5th 1901 London's first parking garage, which extended over seven floors.

Situation in Germany

Development

First Park houses were built in Germany in the 1920s. Examples ( not exhaustive ):

  • Egro garage in Essen- Ruettenscheid (1924 )
  • Jungbusch garage in Mannheim ( 1925 )
  • Schwaben- Garage in Stuttgart ( 1926)
  • Large garage Golden Lute in Leipzig ( 1927)
  • Star Garages in Chemnitz ( Chemnitz also Garagenhof ) (1928 ) ( despite mehrgeschossig - hof )
  • Central Garage in Fürth ( November 1928 ) ( two-storey concrete building )
  • Opel - large garage in Dusseldorf ( 1928 )
  • Large Garage South (Hall ) in Halle ( Saale) ( 1929), Love Straße ( 2009-10 was rehabilitated back into operation )
  • Kant garage ( Kant garages Palace and Serlin ramp House ) in Berlin- Charlottenburg ( 1930)
  • Opel garage in Aachen (also misleadingly Opel plant Aachen ) ( 1930)
  • Cicero Garage in Berlin- Charlottenburg ( 1930 )
  • Joke life -Garage in Berlin -Charlottenburg (1931 )

Really popular are car parks in Germany but only began after the Second World War, and here the mass motorization.

  • Thus, opened in 1953 in Dusseldorf, the Haniel garage, which was designed by architect Paul Schneider- Esleben as a motel, gas station and car repair shop. (1950-1953 overall planning and construction; declared a National Monument in 1985; 1994 Renovation / Restoration ) The two outer ramps were suspended from cantilevered reinforced concrete structure and were heated. Today there is the used car trade the BMW branch and a McDonald's restaurant.
  • The five-storey and first public parking garage main station in Frankfurt am Main, was built in 1956 as a consequence of the increasing traffic density in the center of Frankfurt.

Recent developments go towards the advanced technology, this space-saving fully automatic parking garages, where the user only needs to put his car in a parking stall from where it is then moved by the system in its parking position.

Operator

Many car parks in Germany are operated by a specialized company, the biggest provider in Germany are APCOA 200,000 Contipark ( subsidiary of the Belgian Inter Parking Group) and Q-Park, each with 86,000, B B parking systems with 21,000 and Vinci Park with 13,000 parking (as of 2011 ).

APCOA operates among others, the car parks at airports Dusseldorf ( 17,000 spaces) and Stuttgart (10,000 spaces) and Berlin -Schönefeld ( 5,900 spaces) and the Allianz Arena ( 11,350 spaces). Q-Park is among other operators of car parks to the airport Berlin- Tegel. Contipark holds a 49 % stake in DB Bahn Park, operates the car parks at railway stations.

Great Park homes

Listed here are just large, single -storey car parks. Large complexes of several car parks, such as at many airports, but have in some cases significantly more capacity.

Criticism

The Auto Club Europa criticized that only a few parking garages have been broadened their parking bays and thus adapted to the growing width of many cars. The ACE calls for a parking bay width of 2.50 meters instead of the many places encountered 2.30 or 2.20 meters. For the disabled and families with children on board spaces are desirable with width 3.50 m.

The ADAC makes and publishes an annual parking tests. 2011, he examined 50 car parks; three he classified as " very poor" one.

Automated Parking System Kant-Garage Automobile repair shop APCOA Parking Erding Neckarsulm Bonn
395078
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