Nakhichevan-on-Don

47.23333333333339.716666666667Koordinaten: 47 ° 14 ' N, 39 ° 43' O

Nakhichevan -on-Don (Russian Нахичевань-на-Дону/Nachitschewan-na-Donu; Armenian Նախիջեւան, also Nor- Nakhichevan, German New Nakhichevan called ), was until 1928 a separate town in the south of Russia and is now a suburb of Rostov-on- Don. Nakhichevan had an important role as one of the main places of Armenians living in Russia.

Name

Nakhchivan was founded in 1779 by Armenians from the Crimea and is under the then partly inhabited by Armenians, some of Azerbaijanis city of Nakhichevan (now Naxçıvan, Azerbaijan ) named in the Caucasus. The name " Nakhichevan " is derived, according to the founder of modern Armenian Linguistics, Heinrich Hübschmann, from Armenian, literally means "place of landing" and thus takes clear reference to the landing of Noah's Ark on Mount Ararat.

History

Nakhchivan was founded by Armenian merchants, who were invited by Catherine II in the 18th century. Originally played almost exclusively from the Caucasus and the Crimean Armenians resettled in the city. Nakhichevan -on-Don is still predominantly inhabited by Armenians. Iossif Argutinsky - Dolgoruky (1743-1801), an Armenian priest, led the relocation of Armenians from the Crimea and was directly involved in the establishment of the new Nachitschewans on-Don. In 1900, the city had a Greek Catholic and Armenian churches seven, an Armenian monastery and an Armenian spiritual seminar, a junior high school and eight other schools, a theater and several large factories and trading companies (grain, wood). She had then 30,900 residents, compared to the 119,500 inhabitants of, founded in 1761, shortly before Nakhchivan sister city of Rostov further west on the same bank of the Don.

After Nakhchivan was annexed in 1928, Rostov rose to temporarily third-largest city in Russia. The former border between the two cities is today's Theatre Square. The Don in Rostov a two hundred meter wide stream, conditional in the 19th century both Rostov and for Nakhchivan an optimal starting point for trade between the new areas of Russia in the Caucasus and Asia and the Black Sea (and thus the Mediterranean and the West ). In 1900, Societe Anonyme Belge built the first tram between Rostov and Nakhchivan.

The Armenian embossed Nachitschewans history is treated in Rostov Museum of Russian-Armenian friendship, located in the architecturally significant former Armenian church Surb Chatsch (Eng. Holy Cross; Cyrillic Сурб Хач ) in Nakhchivan.

Sons and daughters of the town

  • Martiros Saryan, Russian- Armenian painter
  • Alexander Myasnikov (actually Mjasnikjan ), Soviet politician
  • Irina Allegrowa, Russian pop singer
  • Gevorg Vardanyan, Soviet secret agent
Armenian language Caucasus Mountains Don River (Russia)
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