National Priority Projects

The National projects (Russian Приоритетные национальные проекты ) is a program for the promotion of education, health, agriculture and housing in Russia.

The then-President Vladimir Putin, the Russian government began in January 2006 " to become one of the most livable countries in the world by 2020 Russia. " The goal,

History

After electrification, industrialization and space development in the 20th century Russia took four new national projects in attack, which is to modernize key areas of government and society. These forward-looking new National projects are designed to promote education, health, agriculture and housing.

The budget of the National projects included projects annually for the time being of the order of 5 billion euros. From 2011 to even be issued for the realization of priority national projects over 12 billion euros a year (for the next three years, 35.6 billion euros ).

The total expenditure on education and agriculture are about more than 30 percent, spending on health care by 60 percent and which are raised for housing as much as 300 percent over the long term. The additional funds for the National projects come from the stabilization fund, in which a portion of the revenue from the Russian oil and gas exports have been created.

Until the spring of 2008, the then First Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev was responsible for the practical implementation of these national projects that served him as a stepping stone to the presidency.

Health

The National Health project aims to improve the affordability and quality of health care for the population. This is the mortality rate decreased, respectively, the life expectancy of only 65.3 years, increased markedly in 2005.

These objectives are to be achieved through salary increases for the medical staff, the renewal of the fleet of emergency medical services and the expansion of preventive examinations for workers.

Since 2006, for example, expectant mothers can choose which hospital their child to be born. Vouchers in the amount of 2,000 rubles (60 euros ) for care during pregnancy and 5,000 rubles (150 euros ) for obstetrics are designed to provide competition among hospitals.

Already in 2007 the first successes of the investments of around 2.5 billion euros per year were registered solely in health, among other things, the rise in the birth rate by 11 percent and the decline in mortality by 9 percent.

Education

The National Education Project is to align especially the training to the actual demand on the labor market and improve the quality of education. These objectives are to be achieved by increasing their salaries for the teaching staff, the promotion of competition between universities, a reform of university admission and introduction of two-tier higher education system in the context of the Bologna process.

Housing

The National Housing project is intended to promote public housing and stimulate private housing. These objectives are to be achieved by substantial government funding for mortgage loans and for the rehabilitation of obsolete or dilapidated buildings.

Alone 2005-2007, public investment for housing from 1 billion to 11 billion euros have been increased.

Agriculture

The National Agriculture project is to increase the production quantity and quality of agriculture, promote the creation of small businesses and improve the living standards of the rural population.