Nativism (politics)

Under nativism ( "born " from the Latin nasci; nativus " innate, natural" ) is meant in politics a movement that fights for the rights of those born in one country national majority and against the influx stranger or the demands of a foreign minority. The term comes from anthropology, cultural anthropology and sociology of religion. Ralph Linton defined in 1943 for the first time nativist as " indigenous movements with greater or lesser self- interest ' ." Every conscious, organized attempt by members of a society to revive selected aspects of their culture again or continue "

American nativism

The American nativism arose as a reaction to the enormous growth of immigration 1846-1854, when about 3 million Europeans came to the United States. This horizontal mobility secured the American-born whites to a better treatment than immigrants. 1849 was a nativist secret society, the Order of the Star Spangled Banner, established in response to the perceived threat of immigrants. To the public, the nativists came in 1854 with the establishment of anti- Irish- Catholic American Party, and demanded a legal extension of the deadlines for immigration and naturalization.

This form of nationalism often occurred in association with xenophobia, anti-Catholicism ( Antipapismus ) and the ideas of the white Anglo-Saxon Protestant upper class ( WASP ) on. It was the triggers of anti-Catholic riots end of the 19th century, including the nativist riots in Philadelphia.

Anti -colonial nativism

Nativism is to be understood as a reactive movement to the impact of colonization; it is preceded by oppression, deprivation, frustration and foreign influence. Such flows can also coincide with movements of religious salvation expectations that are now referred to as a healing movement and renewal movement. Frequently nativist movements are the core of a political, national liberation front. In former colonies, they aim to restore ancient customs and traditions that were suppressed by colonial powers and the mission.

Therefore, nativism can also be understood as a precursor of nationalism, and can also be compared with ethnocentrism.