Naushki

Nauschki (Russian Наушки ) is an urban-type settlement in the Republic of Buryatia (Russia) with 3409 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010 ).

Geography

The settlement lies south of Lake Baikal on the border with Mongolia, some 200 kilometers in a straight line south-southwest of the Republic capital of Ulan -Ude. On either side of the wide valley, which is drained by the largest Baikal inflow Selenga with multiple arms, a predominantly pine forests covered low mountain range rises to over 1000 m altitude. Five kilometers south of Nauschki marked right ( east ) of the Selenga the Burgutui comb the state border, the. Thence to the level of Nauschki, about two kilometers west of the town, in the middle of the main arm extends the Selenga and swung thence westwards

Nauschki belongs to Rajons Kjachta and is located about 25 kilometers west of the administrative center Kjachta.

History

In place of today's settlement existed at the former border between the Russian Empire and the Empire of China, which had been laid down by the Treaty of 1727 Kjachta since the 18th century the border post Uschkinski watchtower. The name probably put a Russified modification of the Buryat word oschig for popular around loose rock rocks constitutes or is derived from the word for naascha here, on this side ( of the border). A popular etymological explanation attributes the city name on back, that trading with China merchants in order to circumvent customs duties " whispering " other, not controlled by the authorities routes across the border " in the ears " (Russian na uschko ) there. Later, near the village was Kirillovka.

End of the 1930s a railway line from Ulan -Ude on the Trans -Siberian Railway was built in the Selenga upward direction of the former Mongolian People's Republic. The now Nauschki place indicated by the border station was achieved 1939/1940; the distance to the Mongolian capital of Ulaanbaatar was completed in 1949 and performed in the 1950s on into the People's Republic of China.

To the station grew a settlement that was initially subordinated to the village soviet of about 20 kilometers north-east, selengaabwärts located village of Ust- Kjachta, but spun off on August 14 in 1952 and became independent. On October 4, 1954, the status of an urban-type settlement was awarded.

Demographics

Note: Census data

Economy and infrastructure

The town's economy is dominated by the location of the village on the Trans-Mongolian Railway and the border crossing to Mongolia. The station Nauschki is 247 km away from the station Saudinski in Ulan- Ude, where the single-track, non-electrified route branches off from the Trans-Siberian Railway, and is located at kilometer 5896 from Moscow ( the Mongolian border station Sükhbaatar is just 20 kilometers away ). In Nauschki there is a depot of the East Siberian Railway, in place various authorities, commercial, utility and transportation companies, and a meat processing plant.

After Nauschki the 34 km long regional road R242 leads from Kjachta that there from the highway A165 Ulan- Ude - branches Mongolia (border crossing of Kjachta after Altanbulag ).