Navarino Island

The Navarino Island (Spanish Isla Navarino ) is located in the Chilean part of Tierra del Fuego in the Región de Magallanes y Antártica Chilena de la.

Geography

From the Isla Grande of Tierra del Fuego with the city of Ushuaia separates the Beagle Channel. It has an area of 2,473 km ² with a WO extension of about 75 km and a NS extension of about 40 kilometers. In the north of the island is the town of Puerto Williams with about 1,800 inhabitants. Puerto Williams argues with other cities about being southernmost city in the world.

There are also three small villages on the island:

  • Puerto Toro in the East
  • Caleta Eugenia in the East
  • Puerto Navarino in the West

To the east of the island are the three Chilean islands Lennox, Picton and Nueva, which led to border disputes with Argentina long. 100 km south of the island is Cape Horn and almost 1,000 kilometers south to Antarctica.

The mountains on the island reach 1,180 m above sea level. Many mountains are covered with dense forests of lenga southern beech ( Nothofagus pumilio ) and Antarctic note book ( Nothofagus antarctica) covered.

Since the suspension of beavers in Tierra del Fuego ( Tierra del Fuego ) in the 1950s, they have conquered the island of Navarino. Since they have no natural predators, the population is growing rapidly: Less than 10 animals were exposed, there are now an estimated 120,000. The rather rare in Germany Animals can be observed there any problems in the wild.

History

The area of Isla Navarino was settled in 1850 by Anglican missionaries, whose presence was due to diseases and bad weather conditions, however, quite short. By 1890 the island was aim of a short gold rush. Martín Gusinde was an Austrian priest and anthropologist who explored the people of the Yagan 1918-1923, is now a museum named after him.

Puerto Williams was founded on November 23, 1953 under the name Puerto Luisa and renamed in 1956 in Puerto Williams. In honor of Juan Williams Rebolledo, who had founded in 1843 near Punta Arenas is a Fort Bulnes to hedge the Chilean territorial claims and to monitor the Strait of Magellan.

1977 Argentina declared the Beagle Channel Arbitration Between The Republic of Argentina and the Republic of Chile, the zusprach all the islands south of the Beagle Channel, Chile, null and void and started to occupy militarily the operation Soberanía around these islands. In particular, since in the area major oil reserves were suspected. The dispute was settled only through the mediation of the Vatican. Both countries agreed in friendship and peace treaty of 1984 between Chile and Argentina. The islands remained Chilean territory, and the maritime border was well defined.

Tourism

Military and civilian areas hold today about the scale, it is even burgeoning tourism recorded. From Punta Arenas ( Chile) there is a scheduled service with the airline Aerovias DAP to Puerto Williams, as well as a ferry service, ensured by Transbordadora Austral Broom. The island is also accessible by charter plane or ship sailing from Ushuaia (Argentina ). Puerto Williams is the starting point for trips in the Chilean Antarctic Territory.

Tourist highlights which are accessible from Puerto Williams from, include the trekking routes Rutas Patrimoniales Circuito de los Dientes and Circuito Navarino and Circuito Wulaia, the Museum Martín Gusinde (trilingual: Particleboard, Engl, German. ), the viewpoint Cerro la Bandera, the waterfalls Cascada de la Virgen and Cascada Los Bronces, the village Villa Ukika ( Here live the last Yamana Indians), the Botanical Park Omora, the cemetery of the Yamana Caleta Mejillones, the former mission stations Wulaia and Douglas, Iglesia Puerto Williams ( southernmost church in the world ), the Primera Casa ( first house in Puerto Williams) and the pub Micalvi.

The Circuito de los Dientes leads as underdeveloped trail around the same mountain range southwest of Puerto Williams.

The museum Martín Gusinde you can explore the history of the Yamana natives. The Aboriginal life can also be followed in Villa Ukika and Caleta Mejillones. The life of the people of Yagan can be explored in the Parque Ethnobotanical Omora.

The pub Micalvi is housed on a former German Rhine steamer, which at the same time as a dock for sailboats used - The sailing tourism plays a significant role for Puerto Williams and developed, as well as the cruise industry, especially in recent years.

Trips to the established in 1945 Cape Horn National Park (630 km ² ), with its Penguin portfolios are often used. The nearby and attractive Cordillera de Darwin with the glaciers La Romanche (the largest in Chile, which extends into the water ), Hollanda, Italia, Franca and Allemania are worth a visit (hint: The ferry runs directly past it ).

  • Island (Chile)
  • Island (South America)
  • Island (Atlantic Ocean )
  • Land of Fire
  • Región de Magallanes y Antártica Chilena de la
Picton, Lennox and Nueva Yaghan people Treaty of Peace and Friendship of 1984 between Chile and Argentina
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