Nezamiyeh

Nizamiyya (Arabic: al - Madrasa al - Niẓāmiyya ) the name of a number of religious schools that Nizam al -Mulk ( 1018-1092 ), the vizier of the Seljuk ruler Alp Arslan and Malik Shah in the second half of the 11th century in Iraq, and were founded Jazeera in Persia and scholars were the ash ʿ arītischen and Shafi ʿ itischen alignment of Sunni Islam reserved. While the Ash'arite and Schafi'iten had previously been pursued in Seljuk, they received with these schools first official recognition and promotion.

The first of these schools was built in 1065-1067 in Baghdad, and that at the same time the Hanafi madrasa at the grave of Imam Abu Hanifa. More Nizamiyyas followed in Nishapur, Balkh, Mosul, Herat and Merv. The scientific- cultural, resembling today's universities facilities contributed to the flowering of Islamic culture and the higher education sector, in particular for dissemination of ash ʿ arītischen and the Shafi ʿ itischen teaching direction.

Nizamiyya of Baghdad

The Nizamiyya of Baghdad was built for the scholar Abu Ishaq al - schafiitischen Shirazi († 1083 ). Construction began in 1065, the inauguration took place on September 22, 1067. As of 1091 ( = 484 AH ) was al -Ghazali ( 1058-1111 ) worked at the school. The library at the Nizamiyya in Baghdad is considered the first Islamic University library.

Nizam al -Mulk decided

" Baghdad convert it into a center for the exchange of religious opinions. He made the Nizamiyah the largest center of Islamic public relations and wanted to take action against the massive publicity of the Ismailis in the Al -Azhar University of Cairo, the center of the Fatimid caliphs. Thus the Nizamiyah in Baghdad to a large Islamic center and famous than all other academic teaching centers in Iraqi towns and cities of the Northeast Iranian Khorasan. (Transmitting manuscript of broadcasting the Islamic Republic of Iran) "

Obviously planned Nizam al -Mulk, this school analogous to provided with a burial ground to the same time built Hanafi madrasa at the grave of Abu Hanifa. The Egyptian historian Al - Maqrizi reported that Nizam al -Mulk with his Fatimid colleagues Badr al - Dschamali occurred in 1081 /82, epistolary negotiations, the remnants of al- Shafi ʿ īs whose legal system was taught at the Nizamiyya, from Cairo to Baghdad to be able to lead and bring in his school. However, due to public protests in Cairo this transfer did not materialize. Thus, the plan did not work.