Nikolai Luzin
Nikolai Nikolaevich Luzin (Russian Николай Николаевич Лузин; * 27 Novemberjul / December 9 1883greg Irkutsk, .. † January 28, 1950, Moscow ) was a Soviet / Russian mathematician. He became famous for his work in descriptive set theory and the aspects of mathematical analysis with strong links to the topology.
Life
Lusin was the son of a civil servant and began his studies in mathematics in 1901 at Moscow University with Dmitri Yegorov. ( Was closed when the university in Moscow because of the revolution ) 1905/ 06 he was studying in Paris, where he heard in Émile Borel and Jacques Hadamard and Henri Poincaré met what to his mathematical work had a lasting impact. In 1910 he received his diploma. From 1910 to 1914 he studied with a traveling scholarship which gave him Yegorov, three years in Göttingen, where he was under the influence of Edmund Landau, and in Paris. In 1912 he published the later named as a set of Lusin set. He then returned to Moscow, where he held from 1914 lectures. He handed the 1915 monograph integral and trigonometric series (Russian Интеграл и тригонометрический ряд ) as a candidate work a. On the recommendation of the experts, this work has been accepted as a doctoral thesis (Russian doctorate, according to a habilitation ). In 1917 he became a professor.
During the Russian Civil War Lusin 1918 left Moscow and went to the Polytechnic Institute of Ivanovo- Vosnessensk (now the State University of chemical technology Ivanovo ). In 1922 he returned to Moscow.
In the 1920s, Lusin organized a famous research seminar at Moscow University. Among his doctoral students were some of the later famous Soviet mathematicians: Pavel Aleksandrov, Nina Bari, Alexander Khinchin, Andrei Kolmogorov, Alexander Kronrod, Mikhail Lavrentiev, Lasar Ljusternik, Pyotr Novikov, Lyudmila Keldysh, Lew Schnirelman and Pavel Urysohn. His students also scored Priwalow Ivan, Dmitri Menshov and Mikhail Suslin, with whom he 1917 the theory of analytic quantities and thus an important part of the descriptive set theory founded. Suslin but died already 1919.
In 1928 he gave a plenary lecture at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Bologna ( Sur les voies de le théorie of ensembles ). In 1929 he became a member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences. From 1930 he worked at the Steklov Institute of the Soviet Academy.
Affair Lusin
From July to August 1936 Lusin was criticized in Pravda in a series of articles. Lusin was before a commission of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR quoted condemning him as an enemy of the people. This method has been applied to a number of old Moscow professors Even before the Pravda articles. On November 21, 1930 claiming a group of the Moscow Mathematical Society that there was active counterrevolutionaries among mathematicians. This group also included former students Lusins as Ljusternik, Schnirelman, Alexander Gelfond and Lev Pontryagin. On some reference was made directly, as his mentor Yegorov, who had already been arrested and died in 1931.
Companies was the political offensive against Lusin not only by the Stalinist authorities, but also by a group of Lusins students, led by Pavel Alexandrov. Although condemned by the Commission, neither Lusin was excluded from the academy, nor arrested, but not rehabilitated after Stalin's death. There was speculation why he does not like other disappeared in the Gulag, but that was never really explained. The charges against Lusin were, as the record of the case show, mitigated by the Kremlin. The case of Lusin was the beginning of years of political attacks on the genetics, relativity theory and other parts of free scientific thought.
1946 was once again a clash between Kolmogorov as a representative of the victorious in the Luzin affair younger mathematicians and Lusin. This had voted in the elections to the Academy of Sciences against Pavel Alexandrov, which is why he was slapped in public by Kolmogorov in the hall of the Academy. Kolmogorov lost it all administrative positions.
Lusitania
Lusin was the namesake of " Lusitania ", a loose grouping of young Moscow mathematicians in the first half of the 1920s. They took over Lusins set-theoretical approach and started him on other areas of mathematics apply.