Nirmal Verma

Nirmal Verma (Hindi: निर्मल वर्मा, Nirmal Varma, Nirmal Varma, born April 3, 1929 in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, † 25 October, 2005 New Delhi ) is one of the most important representatives in India and is co-founder of the Nayi Kahani - - movement in Hindi literature. He worked as a writer and translator. His literary works include short stories, novels, plays, travel stories, reportage, literary criticism and essays.

Life

Nirmal Verma studied at St. Stephen 's College, Delhi University history. In the early 1950s he began writing for a student publication. After graduating as M. A. He taught history at Delhi and wrote for several literary magazines.

From the beginning, Verma's works were influenced by his political involvement. From 1947 to 1948 he regularly attended Mahatma Gandhi's public morning prayers. In 1956 he joined the Communist Party of India.

In 1959, Nirmal Verma went to Prague to conduct at the Charles University, a translation project. As a result of this project, he translated modern Czech writers into Hindi. During this ten -year stay Nirmal Verma also traveled to other European countries, including Germany and the United States. At times, he also lived in London. During this time many of his travel books and his first novel Ve Din emerged ( These days, 1964), based on his student days in Prague. In 1968 he returned to the Prague Spring back to India. Through this disillusioning experience he turned away from communism, yet Nirmal Varma remained politically active. He protested against the declaration of an emergency (1975-1977) and the Chinese takeover of Tibet.

As a representative of Nayi Kahani, he contributed significantly to the realignment of modern Hindi short story. In 1973, the film adaptation of his story Maya Darpan ( dream world ) was awarded Best Film by Kumar Shahani the Critics Prize of the Filmfare Awards.

Verma received the Jnanpith Award in 1999.

Works

Novels

  • वे दिन Ve Din, 1964
  • अंतिम अरण्य Antima Aranya
  • एक चिथड़ा सुख Ek Chithara Sukh, 1979
  • लाल टीन की छत Lal Tin Ki Chhat, 1974 in German: The red tin roof. In: Flight and identity in the mirror of Indian and German contemporary literature, the House of World Cultures, Berlin 1981
  • In German: state of emergency, Draupadi Verlag, Heidelberg, 2006

Short story collections

  • परिंदे Parinde, 1959
  • जलती झाड़ी Jalti Jhari, 1965
  • पिछली गर्मियों में Pichhli My Garmiyon, 1968
  • My Andhere
  • Dedh Inch Upar
  • बीच बहस में Bich My Baha, 1973
  • Meri Priya Kahanian, 1973
  • Pratinidhi Kahaniyan, 1988
  • कौवे और काला पानी Kauve Aur Kala Pani, 1983 in German: The Loneliness of the Lonely, Lotus Publishing Roland Beer, Berlin 2006; Crows in exile. In: The hear, 4, 1997

Reports and travel reports

  • चीड़ों पर चांदनी Chiron Par Chandni, 1962
  • Har Barish Mein, 1970
  • धुंध से उठती धुन Dhundh Se Uthati Dhun in German: in travail upon a bird, Lotus Publishing Roland Beer, Berlin, 2006.

Stage plays

  • तीन एकांत Tin Ekant, 1976

Essays and literary criticism

  • शब्द और स्मृति Shabda Aur Smriti, 1976
  • कला का जोखिम Kala Ka Jokhima, 1981
  • ढलान से उतरते हुए Dhalan Se Utarate Hue
  • भारत और यूरोप: प्रतिश्रुति के क्षेत्र Bharat Aur Europe: Pratishruti Ke Kshetra, 1991 in German: India and Europe. In: My World 11, 1994; India and Europe, Lotus Publishing Roland Beer, Berlin, 2006.

Further literature on German

  • The third witness. Stories, publishing folk and world spectrum, Berlin 1979. ( Translated by Helmut Nespital )
  • The past: a self-determination, In: The cases of the banyan tree. Three Indian contributions to the identity in the new nations, New Delhi, Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany, 1980. ( Essays )
  • Two Home,: . Indo Asia II, 1984 ( short story)
  • In this and in that life. In: India in the present, New Delhi, Indian Council for Cultural Relations, Vol 1, No. 1, 1996 ( short story).
  • Dream worlds, Lotus Publishing Roland Beer, Berlin 1997. (Two stories )
  • A night in London. In: Living Literature, German - Indian literary exchange in three languages ​​, New Delhi, Vani Prakashan, 1998 ( short story excerpt)
  • The burning branch. In: Lettre International, Berlin, No. 37 1997 ( trip report );. Berlin, Lotus Publishing Roland Beer, 2001
  • Heading. . In: My World, Cologne 1, 1996 ( records ); Lotus Publishing Roland Beer, Berlin, 2003.
  • Dark Secrets, Lotus Publishing Roland Beer, Berlin, 2006. ( Stories )
  • Cloud shadow, Lotus Publishing Roland Beer, Berlin, 2006. ( Stories )
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