Nitrofurantoin

  • (E) -1 - [(5- Nitrofurfuryliden ) amino] imidazolidine -2 ,4- dione
  • Furadoxyl
  • (E )-N- (5- nitro-2- furfurylidene ) -1 - aminohydantoin
  • 67-20-9
  • 17140-81-7 ( nitrofurantoin monohydrate )

J01XE01

Yellow solid

Antibiotics, anti-infective urinary tract

268 ° C

Risk

604 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, rat, oral)

Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available

Nitrofurantoin is an antibiotic drug for the treatment of urinary tract infections.

General

The drug Nitrofurantoin is a synthetic nitrofuran derivative. This is a chemotherapeutic agent therapy bacterial infections of the urinary tract. The drug has a broad spectrum of activity. In particular, in the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections, it is the first choice, but it can cause severe side effects in long-term and high-dose application. The medication is available on prescription.

Application

The drug has been used mostly as a reserve antibiotic used to treat urinary tract infections if they are not treated with another antibiotic or other antibiotics can not be used (eg in case of intolerance ). In the current S3 guideline for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections but it is recommended as first choice for the treatment of uncomplicated cystitis due to the favorable resistance profile. The capsules are taken with meals, unchewed with sufficient liquid.

Spectrum

Nitrofurantoin only unfolds in the urine its full effect. It is effective against:

  • Escherichia coli
  • Klebsiella
  • Enterococci
  • Enterobacter
  • Staphylococci

The following bacteria have a natural resistance to nitrofurantoin, so that this antibiotic is not effective in infections caused by these pathogens:

Common side effects

  • Nausea
  • Vomit
  • Anorexia
  • Fatigue

Uncommon side effects

  • Allergic reactions in the lung
  • Cough, fever, chills
  • Chest pain
  • Difficulty in breathing
  • Nystagmus
  • Dizziness
  • Dizziness
  • Powerlessness
  • Headache
  • Drowsiness
  • Pulmonary fibrosis

Rarely occurring side effects

  • Hepatitis
  • Depression (depression )
  • Happiness
  • Confusion
  • Benign Intracranial pressure
  • Blood dyscrasias (see necessarily to package insert )
  • Nervous system disorder (tingling ) on hands and feet
  • Inflammation of the optic nerve that may run sometimes fatal

Adverse reactions described

  • Itching of the skin
  • Hives
  • Various skin rashes
  • Dandruff
  • Blistering
  • Temporary hair loss

Special warnings and precautions for use

Because of the alcohol intolerance should be on alcohol completely waived during therapy with the drug nitrofurantoin. Especially during long- term therapy, regular monitoring of blood counts, liver and kidney values ​​should be. For short-term therapy after 3 days, a doctor's visit is required. Here, the urine is checked again.

Children should not take the medication if possible. The drug should not be used in severe renal impairment.

The drug should be discontinued immediately if any of these conditions occurs:

  • Coughing attacks
  • Difficulty in breathing
  • Chest pain
  • Fever
  • Allergic reactions
  • Cholestasis
  • Signs of polyneuropathy

Trade names

Furadantin (D, A, CH), Nifurantin (D), Nifuretten (D), Urodin (CH), Uro- Tablinen (D), Uvamin (CH), as well as a generic (D, A)

Nifurantin B6 ( D)

CAS registry number PubChem Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System DrugBank Dangerous Substances Directive (67/548/EEC) Active ingredient Drug of last resort Medical guideline Providencia (bacterium)
606303
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