Nyonoksa

Njonoksa (Russian Нёнокса, also transcribed as Nenoksa ) is a village ( selo ) in Northwest Russia with 468 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010 ). It is located in the Arkhangelsk Oblast and part of the municipal district of Severodvinsk. North of the village there is a rocket launch site of the Russian Navy.

Geography

Njonoksa is located about 64 km west of the Oblasthauptstadt Arkhangelsk, about three kilometers south of the coast of the White Sea. The village is located about 31 km west of the city of Severodvinsk, which it is subordinated administratively. By Njonoksa and the lake in the north of the village Nischneje ( Озеро Нижнее ), the flow Werchowka ( Верховка ), which runs north of Njonoksa flows into the White Sea. From the west, the, eponymous approximately six kilometers traversed long river Njonoksa the village and flows within Njonoksas in the Werchowka.

Njonoska is the administrative center of the circle Administrative Njonoksa ( Нёнокский административный округ ) in which to continue the settlements Sopka ( Сопка ) Seljony boron ( Зелёный Бор ) and the villages Solsa ( Солза ) and Sjusma ( Сюзьма ) are located.

History

The pomorische Njonoksa village was first mentioned in 1397 in a document of the Moscow Grand Prince Vasily Dmitrievich.

In 1553 landed the English navigator Richard Chancellor, in the attempt to develop a Northeast Passage for the English merchant fleet, west of St. Nicholas monastery near - Korelski Njonoksa. In the following, trade relations between the Kingdom of England and the Grand Duchy of Moscow, in the course of 1584 the city of Arkhangelsk was built developed.

Njonoksa was to the 19th century one of the largest centers of Salzsiedens and had about 1890 more than 1200 inhabitants. Through the promotion of salt from large salt deposits in the Urals, production was unprofitable, so that the salt production was stopped in the 20th century.

Rocket launch site

About two kilometers north of Njonoksa, near the settlement Sopka, a military training area is located (! 564.6457915539.209518564 ° 38 ' 45 "N, 039 ° 12' 34 " O64.645791317539.2095184325 ) to test submarine - launched ballistic missiles for nuclear submarines. Since the 1960s, here among other prototypes of the missile R -29 and R -39 ( missile) were tested. For reasons of confidentiality was given as location of the training area officially a long time, the Ukrainian town of Feodosia in the Crimea Oblast.

As Severodvinsk is Njonoksa, due to its military importance, in an area with restricted access, which may not be accessed by foreign persons without a special permit. Furthermore, it is also Russian citizens to travel only with a special permit necessary after Njonoksa.

Economy and infrastructure

In Njonoksa located with the 1724 built Troitsky Church ( Троицкая церковь ), the only wooden church in Russia, with five tent roofs. In addition, there are two religious buildings, built in 1763 Nikolsky Church ( Никольская церковь ) and a bell tower built in 1834.

After Njonoksa does not perform all year motorable road links. The most important transport and transport links is about 65 km long railway line Issakogorga - Severodvinsk - Njonoksa, which is owned by the Russian Northern Railway. The most important employer is the military training area.