Oceanospirillales

GFAJ -1 in phosphate-containing medium

Oceanospirillales are an order of Proteobacteria. Like all Proteobacteria are the related species of gram- negative. Metabolism is chemoorganotorph, i.e. for energy organic materials are degraded as is the case in all animals and man.

Appearance

The bacteria are carried scourge clusters, or individual flagella to move ( motile ). Thus, species of Oceanospirillum usually scourge bipolar tufts of the same family belonging to the genus Balneatrix is polar flagella with one or two flagella. Among the members, which carry no flagella, including for example Carnimonas ( Halomonadaceae ). The majority of species are rod-shaped, the cell shape of Oceanospirillum is spiral ( helical).

Ecology

Some species tolerate lack to complete absence of oxygen, they are facultative aerobic. Most are dependent on oxygen ( obligately aerobic ), and microaerobic species, specializing in low oxygen concentrations are present. This includes, for example, the marine kind Marinospirillum megaterium family Oceanospirillacae. Many species of the order are halotolerant to halophilic, that is, they can live in environments with high salt concentrations or even to high concentrations dependent ( halophilic ).

Of particular importance is Alcanivorax borkumensis. This rod-shaped bacterium is to reduce petroleum able, accordingly, it is amplified before in polluted with oil environment.

System

The order Oceanospirillales of the following families:

Gammaproteobacteria Organotroph
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