Ole Gabriel Gabrielsen Ueland

Ole Gabriel Ueland ( originally called " Ole Gabriel Gabrielsen Skaaland " ( born October 28, 1799 in Skaland in Lund ( Rogaland ); † January 9, 1870 in Hetland in Heskestad in Lund ) was a Norwegian farmer and politician.

Life

Ueland - son of the farmer Gabriel Osmundsen (1760-1843) and his wife Ingeborg Osmundsdatter Skaaland (1764-1816) - grew up in Dalane, a then small rural embossed area with economical lifestyle. There, the teachings of the sect preacher Hans Nielsen Hauge found wide distribution, whose followers also Ueland was. He had a modest but consistent and confident manner in contrast to the more free-thinking, spirited farmers of the eastern country that had dominated the peasant policy after 1814. In the years leading up to his first marriage he was itinerant teachers in the parish of Lund.

After his marriage on June 5, 1825 Marthe Guri Osmundsdatter Ueland (* 1805, † December 16, 1847 ) - daughter of the landowner Omund Børildsen Ueland and his wife Marthe Svendsdatter Ollestad - he moved to the farm of his wife by the name of Ueland and took the name of the court. In 1827 he was again traveling teacher. In 1832 he became mayor in Heskestad. He held until 1851 and from 1856 to 1859 this office. He was also an elector and comparison Commissioner. 1833 called John Neergard from Nordmøre on to the fact that the farmers should choose not officials but members from its own ranks. So he was in 1833 elected to the Storting, and he soon became the spokesman of the group of farmers in the Storting. At the same time he was Stortingsrepresentant for the Stavanger office. He was re- elected until 1869. The farmers, who rallied behind him, were the peasant opposition in the Storting. Ueland was in the 50 years the central figure in the peasant opposition. He was also a member of Odelsting. He was a member of the Election Committee, the Credentials Committee, the Legal Committee and at the end of the Church Committee.

On April 21, 1850 he married the widow Anne Sven Datter Hetland born Ollestad (26 January 1818-23. October 1890 ), cousin of his first wife, and moved to the farm Ollestad. He then bought the farm Hetland, where he lived until his death.

In 1852 he was " sheriff " in Heskestad. He held until 1855 this office.

After leaving the Storting, he lived as a farmer until his death on Hetland.

Policy

Two main features of imprinted Uelands policy: economy and minimization of state and government influence in favor of local governments. He became a brake on the expansion of governmental functions. This led to an increase in the responsibilities of local governments. He was known as a savings politicians, though not as extreme as Søren Jaabæk.

At first he worked closely with the liberal urban opposition. He fought for equality of Norway with Sweden in the Union. End of the 50s the influence of other groups of farmers rose under the leadership of radical Søren Jaabæk and liberal academics to Johan Sverdrup. He was a member of the Judging Committee 1854-1857. Ulrik Anton Motzfeldt was chairman, who was against the institution of the jury. There he joined with its own proposal for the jury, which he held as a sign of " the people practical reason " in the spirit of the Constitution of 1814. The government was against this reform of criminal procedure and refused to give the necessary approval to form a corresponding committee. This still met. Ueland was withdrawn permission for the performance of his duties as sheriff, and he resigned the office. 1857 the law was passed, but did not receive the required approval of the government. 1857 the law was taken up again, but without success. It was not until 1887, the jury was introduced in the administration of justice. Furthermore, he argued for compulsory military service.

In religion, politics, he was not liberal. But he sat as a follower of the sect preacher Hauge against the regulation banning of lay preaching. At the same time he advocated the creation of a council, which was to select the pastor. But in 1845 he voted against a new law on religious freedom. This would undermine the leadership of the state church after his apprehension. He voted in 1842, 1845 and 1848 against the repeal of § 2 of the Constitution, forbade the Jews from entering the country, a particular concern of Henrik Wergeland. His voting record was instrumental for the peasant opposition in most cases. His attitude arose not only the Verfassungskonservativismus, but also a real anti-Semitism. He claimed that Jews would bring discord into the country. In 1851 he changed his attitude with the majority of the farmers' group.

From 1862-1863 he was a member of the royal Sverdrup's Tax Committee and from 1865-1867 the 2nd Union Committee in place. The Committee should govern the relationship between the two countries Sweden and Norway in the new Union. It was used on Swedish initiative and began when the Scandinavianism in Norway reached its peak. But the committee provoked the debate on the specific Norwegian against the Scandinavianism. This debate produced a nationally focused Norwegian line, which was decisive in the 70s and 80s for the Left in Norwegian politics. Ueland had a decidedly antiskandinavistische attitude and made ​​sure that 1848 and 1864, the support of Denmark was defeated in the German -Danish conflict. He was the only one in the Commission, who expressed his skepticism towards the revision of the EU relationship with the expression. Finally he gave up against the closed pressure of the Swedish and Norwegian negotiating commissions. He finally agreed to the proposal, which provided a closer link between Norway and Sweden. 1871, the proposal was rejected by the Storting by a large majority.

He resisted the pensions of state officials, the allocation of funds for the expansion of roads, waterways, railways and defense. His fiercest resistance was directed at the public support of arts and culture, which also includes Ibsen had to suffer. In terms of government revenues, he was sure to meet that first from the customs revenue, and not from direct taxes, which weighed on the land and especially to be paid by the farmers. Nevertheless, he voted for the abolition of customs duty grain. For his electorate in southwest Norway operating mainly meat and dairy industry. Corn was grown in the Ostland. He also campaigned for the facilitation of the transport requirement of the farmers. In 1836 and 1839, he voted in favor of the liberalization of craft regulations that made ​​it easier for artisans to practice their profession in rural communities.

In the 60s, it was found that the time of the class- bound Uelands policy, which was strongly influenced by constitutional conservative, in favor of a more liberal and aimed at further democratization policy, which also discussed relevant constitutional issues, was over.

Importance

Ole Gabriel Ueland was a central figure of the national opposition in the Storting of the 30s of the 19th century. From 1850 he led the so-called "peasant opposition" in the Storting. His aim was to minimize the power of government in favor of local self-government. So He represented particularly the interests of the southwest Norwegian population.

Ueland was a model for the landowner Anders LUNDESTAD in Ibsen's " The League of Youth ".