Orang Laut

The Orang volume, also called Sea People, are a colorful mix of ethnic groups from the coastal waters of the southeastern Sumatra, Batam, southern Johore and the Riau Islands of Indonesia. Due to their way of life in boats they were among the sea nomads.

Ethnological demarcation

Until the second half of the 20th century it was assumed that all the sea nomads of Southeast Asia have a direct ethno-linguistic context. The new research shows that three main groups can be distinguished with their own cultural and linguistic characteristics:

• The Moken and the related to them Moklen the Burmese - Thai Mergui Archipelago,
• The orang, loud in the coastal waters of the southeastern Sumatra, Batam, southern Johore and the Riau Islands of Indonesia
• According to the Bajau of the Sulu Archipelago, Ostborneo, Sulawesi and the islands of eastern Indonesia.

Except for a small overlap in the Moken, and Orang According to the three groups are to be found in different geographic regions.

Etymology

The Malay term orang According means people of the sea. Other known names in the Malay language are Lanun, Celates and Orang Selat.

Other names of local groups are Mantong, Barok, Sekah, Rayat and Kuala. A source of misunderstanding in the Malay -speaking world is, moreover, in the blanket application of the term Orang Sound for Malay- speaking coastal people.

History

In the historiography of the orang dive, according to most as pirates. However, they also played a significant role in the kingdom of Srivijaya, the Sultanate of Malacca and the Sultanate of Johore. They patrolled the adjacent marine areas and made a turn for protection against pirates. They also piloted commercial vessels in the ports of their rulers, and thus contributed to the dominance of each empire.

Eda Green wrote in 1909:

"The Lanuns, Supposed to have come from the Philippines, are Mohammedans and are dying out; theywere one of the most aggressive tribes in Their wild piracy, raiding not only the coasts, but stealing away the children of the Dusuns and Ida'an. "

Subgroups of the Orang According to

The following sub- groups among the Orang According to:

Culture

Boats Orang According to

The typical boats of the Orang sound, which were used until the first half of the 20th century were, remarkably, kept quite consistent. They are based on the shape of a canoe, but are provided with one or two additional planks to increase the freeboard. The boat carries a structure aft of slit bamboo. At the rear there is a fireplace and cooking area. The boats are lightweight and excellent maneuverability. The crew always consists of a single family.

Fishing

In contrast to the neighboring Malays orang fished According to traditional spear and harpoon instead of nets and traps. The Duano it developed into a highly specialized method of hunting in the brackish water and mangrove swamps.