Osteoglossomorpha

Moon eye ( Hiodon tergisus )

The Knochenzünglerähnlichen ( Osteoglossomorpha ) are a cohort of genuine bony fish ( Teleostei ). The fish live in rivers and lakes in North America, tropical South America, Africa, Southeast Asia and Australia. Extinct Osteoglossomorpha also lived in the sea, as up to four meters long predator Xiphactinus audax.

Features

The Osteoglossomorpha include Hiodontiformes and Osteoglossiformes. Go beyond the common characteristics because of different consideration of fossil forms (such Lycoptera ) opinions differ though. Including characteristics of each different fossils (subject to availability! ) Can therefore be different lists of the defining characteristics reach ( Wiley and Johnson 2010).

According to Hilton ( 2003): 1 Epipleuralia ( bones ) are missing. 2 16 branched caudal - chief rays (but tart only Arapaima! Otherwise at Osteoglossiformes now less). 3 A Epurale available (except for Osteoglossiformes ). 4 First Praeuralwirbel (PU 1) with well-developed Neuraldorn.

Zhang (2008 ), this Synapomorphienliste: 1 Supra orbitals ( Circumorbitalknochen dorsal to the eye ) is missing. 2 Hindmost Porus of the mandibular ( side lines ) channel on the Angular. 3 " shear - bite" between tooth plate on the Basihyale and Pterygialzähnen. 4 Neuraldorn PU 2 is shorter than that of the PU 3

Wilson and Murray ( 2008) diagnose the Osteoglossomorpha by two synapomorphies: 1 A Epurale available. 2 Infra orbitals ( = Suborbital = Circumorbitale ventral to the eye) 2 smaller than Infr. 3, three - or rectangular.

System

In addition to two orders today still include some extinct taxa to the Osteoglossomorpha.

  • Hiodontiformes Moon eyes ( Hiodontidae )
  • Osteoglossid ( Osteoglossidae )
  • Old World knife fish ( Notopteridae )
  • Mormyrids and elephant fish ( Mormyridae )
  • Großnilhecht ( Gymnarchidae )
  • Allothrissopidae, Upper Jurassic
  • Occithrissopidae, Middle Jurassic
  • Cladocyclidae, Lower Cretaceous to lowermost Upper Cretaceous.
  • Saurodontidae, chalk
  • Ichthyodectidae, chalk
  • Lycopteridae, Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous

Swell

  • Joseph S. Nelson: Fishes of the World, John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7
  • Kurt Fiedler: Textbook of Special Zoology, Volume II, Part 2: Fish, Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, 1991, ISBN 3-334-00339-6
  • EO Wiley & G. David Johnson: A teleost classification based on monophyletic groups. : Joseph S. Nelson, Hans -Peter Schultze & Mark VH Wilson: Origin and Phylogenetic Relationships of inter teleosts. 2010, Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Munich. ISBN 978-3-89937-107-9
Taxonomic rank#All ranks
481261
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