Otto Scherzer

Otto Scherzer ( born March 9, 1909 in Passau, † November 15, 1982 in Darmstadt ) was a German theoretical physicist.

Life

Otto Scherzer was born in 1909 born as a son of the Postmaster Konrad Scherzer and his wife Josephine Fischer in Passau. From 1915 to 1919 he attended the elementary school in Passau, then the secondary school in Passau, Kempten, where he graduated in 1927, the High School. Scherzer studied from autumn 1927 Physics at the Technical University of Munich and from autumn 1929 for four semesters at the Ludwig- Maximilians- Universität (LMU) in Munich. At LMU, Arnold Sommerfeld was his thesis supervisor; He received his PhD in December 16, 1931, summa cum laude. His dissertation dealt with the quantum theory of bremsstrahlung. From December 1930 to March 1932 he was assistant at the Institute for Theoretical Physics. From April 1st 1932 to December 31st 1935 was Scherzer on AEG Research Institute assistant Carl Ramsauer. There he worked on electron optics. He completed his Habilitation in November 1934 and became a lecturer and assistant Sommerfeld at LMU In the summer semester 1935 Scherzer went to the TH Darmstadt and took there a professor of theoretical physics. He was born on April 30, 1936 Full Professor and Director of the Institute for Theoretical Physics. In a paper published in 1936 Scherzer proved that the imaging errors of a rotationally symmetric and the static charge-free space electron lens can not be eliminated by the optical lenses as in the right design of the lens. 1947 Otto Scherzer published a further contribution in which he introduced various ways of correction of electron-optical lenses. Scherzer's work provided an important basis for the development of electron microscopes.

Scherzer was on October 1, 1933 member of the SA. After the abolition of Migliederstopps he joined on 1 May in 1937 and the Nazi Party.

Of 5 September 1939 until end of April 1945 Scherzer worked on radar at the news means test Command of the Navy. His last rank was Marine Oberbaurat the reserve. In an exchange of letters with Sommerfeld of 2 December 1944, he reported from war damage in Darmstadt and described his work on radar. From 1 July 1944 to April 30, 1945 Scherzer was chief of the workspace radio measurements in the Reich Research Council, the centrally planned the research base and applied in the Reich Ministry of contraction. On 1 May 1945 Scherzer went into American captivity, which lasted until 30 April 1946. Since he was fired as a professor and initially this function could not run again, he worked from August 1946 to April 1947 as a research consultant at the Southern German laboratories in Mosbach. This institute, which was led by his friend Ernst breaks, worked on the development and manufacture of electron microscopes. He then went to the Message Central Laboratory of the U.S. Army in Fort Monmouth, NJ

Otto Scherzer was classified in a first denazification process of denazification Darmstadt in October 1946 as a hanger and sanctioned with a atonement of 1,500 Reichsmark. Against this classification, he went ahead and was classified in a second process of denazification Frankfurt in June 1947 as relieved. After his re- adjusting Tung could take place as a professor, so he was appointed with effect from 1 January 1949 as associate professor of theoretical physics at the Technical University of Darmstadt. In connection with a reputation to Cologne in 1952, the site was redesignated on 1 October 1954 in an ordinary professor. Scherzer founded the Society for Heavy Ion Research with in the 1960s. Scherzer initiated at the TH Darmstadt electron optics group at the Institute of Applied Physics. The aim of the electron-optical experiments was the construction and testing of a spherically and chromatically corrected electron microscope that allows the imaging of atoms in molecules and crystals. ( Scherzer 1977, p 185 )

Otto Scherzer was entpflichtet 31 March 1977. The professorship was not filled at the TH Darmstadt. His work was, however, by his pupil Harald Rose ( physicist ) successfully continued.

Scherzer was married to Elisabeth Sindel since February 1934. The marriage produced four daughters have emerged.

Awards

Writings

• With E. Fractions: Geometric electron optics: Fundamentals and Applications. Springer, 1934.
• About some error of electron lenses. In: Journal of physics. Volume 101, number 9-10, 1936, pp. 593-603.
• Spherical and chromatic correcting electron lenses. In: Optics 2nd 1947, pp. 114-132.
• The Theoretical Resolution Limit of the Electron Microscope. In: Journal of Applied Physics. Volume 20, Issue 1, 1948, pp. 20-29.
• A clear derivation of the Lorentz transformation. In: Physics. Bl 4 (1948 ), pp. 53-56.
• Illustrative for twin paradox. In: Physics. Bl 16 (1960 ), pp. 149-153.
• Physics in the totalitarian state. In: Andreas Flitner (ed. ), German intellectual life in Nazi Germany, Tübingen 1965, p 47-58.
• Proceedings of ICEM - ninth Volume 3, 1978, pp. 123-129.