Paint
Paints, also known paints, consist of liquid or pasty substances or mixtures, the applied yield a physically or chemically drying paints on surfaces. According to DIN 55945, a paint is defined as "liquid to pasty coating material, which is mainly applied by brush or roller. "
Structure / composition
A paint -in consists of: binders, colorants or pigments, extenders, solvents, and any additives such as thickening agents, dispersing agents, and preservatives., Paints, pigments ( pigments of the list ) are referred to as paint or stain
Classification
Paints are classified according to their film-forming binders. These in turn can be divided into organic and inorganic binder and result in the product classes:
- Paint, varnish and oil paints
- Emulsion paints
- Whitewash
- Silicate paints
- Liquid plasters
The organic binders include, for example, oils, acrylic resins, or epoxy resins, which typically result in paints or varnishes. Other organic binders are especially acrylate polymers and vinyl acetate copolymers, which are part of the commercially available emulsion paints and varnishes. For natural colors and natural binders such as casein, cellulose and glues are used.
The inorganic binders include, for example, quicklime, cement, anhydrite, ettringite and potassium silicate, which are used in construction and the wall painting.
Paints, which consist mainly of natural materials are known in the trade as a natural color than mineral paint those containing mainly mineral components, such as marble flour or chalk. But that does not make any statement about the binder ( which may also acrylic resins), or the pigments that give the paint the color or opacity ( opacity ).
The reason for the designation natural color is the increasing environmental awareness - although the relationship between environmental protection and materials of natural origin is controversial. An important aspect of the marketing plays in which the association of the laity with limewash, distemper or clay color as a natural color or the good reputation of the germ 's mineral color plays a role.
According to their function, the paint can be named as follows ::
- As an artist, color of particularly high quality is called: oil paint, acrylic paint, tempera, watercolor, or ink and ink.
- As masonry paint is commonly referred to emulsion paints, but also lime paints, silicate paint or distempers, which are classified depending on the weather resistance in exterior color and interior color.
- As a pre-paint, as the top color or Orchestra or liquid plaster.
- As a coating pigment in paper industry
Preservation
With liquid paint and pasty coating materials (eg roller or brush cleaning ), a distinction between the container - or -can preservation and film preservation.
In the former there is a biocidal setting of the coating material in the container, so the packaging vessel, so that the product is not contaminated before his use of microorganisms such as bacteria.
Film preservation is the name of the biocidal treatment of the coating which becomes effective after the usage, ie, cured and dried state. You should prevent the infestation of the surface by micro-organisms such as algae or fungi. The active compounds, such as fungicides, algicides and bactericides have a limited solubility in water, so they are not washed during weathering. However, they often lose their effect after a few years. Should then enter a discoloration of the surface by microbiotic infestation, the paint has to be renewed in the rule.