Pandemis cerasana
Pandemis cerasana
Pandemis cerasana is a widespread Palaearctic butterfly of the family of the winder ( Tortricidae ).
- 4.1 Flight times and caterpillars
- 4.2 dissemination
- 6.1 Literature
- 6.2 Notes and references
Features
Butterfly
The moths reach a wingspan of 16-22 mm in males and 17-24 mm in females. The moths are variable in color from yellowish to brownish. Sometimes wings and back are black pollinated. The forewings are darker at the base, as well as a from the leading edge (Costa) to Analwinkel band extending and Costalfleck near the top. About this drawing make light shed and the dark veins a weak network structure. The hind wings are plain gray with bright fringe edge.
Preimaginal stages
The flat, oval eggs are stored in an oval. The caterpillar is up to 20 mm long, thin and flat. The coloration is highly variable from green to yellowish to brownish. The head is brown yellow and sometimes darker mottled or all black. The neck shield always has the body color. Side and rear she has some black dots and strokes that can flow together. The light-brown to black-brown doll is 9-15 mm long. The cremaster is longer than wide.
Similar Species
- Pandemis heparana ( Denis & Schiffer Müller, 1775)
- Pandemis cinnamomeana ( Treitschke, 1830) The species has broader wings and a darker and larger Costalfleck.
Synonyms
The species was first described in 1786 by Jacob Hübner as Phalaena cerasana.
- Ribeana ( Hübner [ 1796 99 ] ) ( [ Tortrix ] )
- Grossulariana ( Stephens, 1834) ( Tortrix )
Way of life
Some caterpillars hatch after a few weeks from the eggs and feed for a short time before they hibernate. Other wintering eggs and the caterpillars hatch until the next spring. The caterpillars are sitting on buds or are spun in a sheet roll. They live polyphagous on various trees and shrubs. These include ( spec Betula. ), For example birch, common hazel (Corylus avellana ), beech (Fagus ), oak (Quercus ), maples ( Acer), elm (Ulmus ), willow ( Salix), Linden (Tilia ), pears (Pyrus ), apples (Malus ), currants (Ribes ), blackthorn (Prunus spinosa), buckthorn ( Rhamnus ), flour berries ( Sorbus ), barberry (Berberis ), avens ( Geum urbanum ), larch ( Larix) and pines ( Pinus ) and tea ( Camellia ). This habitat includes forests, especially forest edges, parks and orchards, where Pandemis cerasana can also occur as a pest. Most of the damage is insignificant, because the caterpillars do not eat together in larger groups.
Flight times and caterpillars
Pandemis cerasana forms a generations per year, which flies from mid-May to August. The caterpillars are to be taken by September to May. They overwinter and set the development continued in the following year.
Dissemination
Pandemis cerasana Palaearctic is common in Europe, Asia Minor, Siberia, North East India, distributed in Mongolia, Korea and Japan and throughout Central Europe.
Specialized enemies
At Pandemis cerasana different types of parasitic wasps ( Ichneumonidae ), Brackwespen are ( Braconidae ), jewel wasps ( Chalcidoidea ) and Tachinidae ( Tachinidae ) parasitoids detected as:
- Ichneumonidae Habrocryptus porrectorius
- Mesochorus sylvarum
- Phytodietus segmentator
- Phytodietus polyzonias
- Pimpla maculator
- Phaeogenes call opus
- Phaeogenes stimulator
- Hybophanes scabriculus
- Apechtis rufata
- Omorga mutabilis
- Itoplectis alternans
- Oedemopsis scabricula
- Braconidae Ascogaster rufidens
- Macrocentrus abdominal
- Meteorus ictericus
- Apanteles xanthostrigma
- Zele testaceator
- Chalcidoidea Brachymeria euploeae
- Pediobius sp.
- Habrocytus? saxeseni
- Dibrachys cavus
- Monodentomerus aereus
- Habrocytus sp.
- Tachinidae Neopales pavida
- Compsilura concinnata
- Pseudoperichaeta nigrolineata