Pangkor Treaty of 1874

The Treaty of Pangkor (English Pangkor Treaty ) was a treaty between the British Government and the Raja of Perak. The had on 20 January 1874, signed by Sir Andrew Clarke and Raja Abdullah on Pangkor Island, Perak contract before an enormous impact on the history of modern Malaysia. He signaled the official beginning of British interference in the politics of the Malay States.

History

The region was extremely important at this time the world's largest supplier of tin and for the British, who had bases on the Malay Peninsula was already in Penang, Malacca and Singapore. Power struggles between local princes and regular bloody incidents to the two Chinese secret societies Ghee Hin and Hai San, who fought for control of the tin mines, interrupted the promotion of the metal.

The old ruler of Perak Sultan Ali died in 1871 and after due complicated succession Raja Abdullah should become the next Sultan. Instead, Raja Ismail was elected after some problems. Later, Raja Abdullah asked the British for help in solving the two problems. The British realized the great opportunities to expand its influence in Southeast Asia and to strengthen the monopoly of tin.

So it came to the throne acquisition of Raja Abdullah and the Treaty of Pangkor in 1874, the agreement said. :

  • Raja Abdullah is legitimate as Sultan of Perak recognized and replaced Sultan Ismail, who gets a title and a kind of monthly financial compensation in the amount of 1,000 Mexican pesos.
  • The Sultan is placed to the side, his advice in all matters should be sought except matters of religion or culture, a British resident.
  • The control and collection of taxes and the administration of the state is running under the name of the Sultan, but arranged according to the counsel of the residents.
  • The Minister of Larut will remain in office, but no longer recognized as an independent leader. A British officer is appointed in his place with far-reaching rights in the administration.
  • Not the British government, but the Sultan is paying the wages of residents.

Raja Ismal knew nothing of the meeting between Sir Andrew Clare and Raja Abdullah. He obviously had not accepted the agreement, but could not do anything against the alliance of Raja Abdullah and the British. Sir J.W.W. Birch was appointed the first British representative, after the contract was entered into force.

In the following years strengthened the colonial influence and the three Malay Negeri Sembilan States, Selangor and Pahang were British protectorates. These states formed in 1896, the Federated Malay States.

  • Policy in 1874
  • International Law Treaty
  • Malaysian history
  • British colonial history (Malaysia)
  • Law ( Malaysia)
  • Perak
Secret society Order of succession Resident (title)
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