Parcae

  • Citations for source (s) of myth

The Fates (Latin Parcae ) are in Roman mythology the three Fates, corresponding to the three Fates in Greek mythology. You can act together or individually. The Fates hot Nona ( " ninth ) ," Decima ( "tenth " ) and Parca ( " midwife " ), instead of the Parca the name Morta was used in Roman literature. Their names indicate their original meaning as birth goddesses, with Nona and Decima refer to the months of a normal pregnancy. In the course of interpretatio romana they were adapted to the Greek Moirae and hence reinterpreted as goddesses of fate.

Myth

In mythology, you find the " fata scribunda ". The fate so that is thought writing in the form of the Fates. This letter can go so far that the Fates will speak to secretaries of Jupiter. Beware also an archive that is held in the Jupiters will on Erztafel. Goods subject to the fate of the Greek gods, so they are subject in Roman mythology the will of Jupiter.

Reception

In the literature

The Parzenmotiv has survived since the ancient seal. In almost all early, high and late medieval Mythographien they are mentioned ( Fulgentius, Isidore of Seville, Rabanus Maurus, Mythographus Vaticanus Primus, Mythographus Vaticanus Secundus, Tertius Vaticanus Mythographus ). But also in moral and educative works such as the Epistre L' Othea of Christine de Pizan them chapters are devoted. Here they are synonyms of death.

For the visual arts are the summary of the Umdichtungen trionfi of Francesco Petrarca by the French poet Jean Robertet important. Robertet leads to the triumph of the death of one the Fates, not mentioned Petrarca. About this detour the Fates find then input into the iconography of the trionfi. Numerous tapestry series show the Fates as personifications of death.

In the poetry of the Classical and early Romantic the motif found in the German poetry again reinforced attention ( Friedrich Schiller: On the Fates, Johann Wolfgang Goethe: Faust II, Friedrich Hölderlin: On the Fates, Heinrich Heine: There sit at the crossroads of three women in. the literature of the 20th century, for example, Albert Vigoleis Thelen: Holmgang, Hans Magnus Enzensberger. lachesis lapponica in the play The Alcestiad by Thornton Wilder they appear as the Drunken Sisters in the final part and bring along with Apollo the previous tragedy plot in motion.

In modern popular literature one finds the Fates again. Stephen King has the subject in his book Insomnia - Sleepless processed.

In the music

  • Jean -Philippe Rameau: Trio of Parques, Hippolyte et Aricie, second entry ( 1733).
  • Johannes Brahms: Gesang der Parzen, Op 89 for six -part choir and orchestra based on the text of the Goethe poem
  • Emerson, Lake and Palmer: The Three Fates (CD: 1970 - Emerson, Lake & Palmer )

In painting and sculpture

  • Tapestry with the three Fates, London, Victoria & Albert Museum, uncertain: France or Flanders, late 15th century
  • Hans Baldung Grien: The Three Fates, woodcut, 1513
  • Peter Vischer the Younger: The dream of Hercules, drawing, Berlin, Prints and Drawings
  • Lucas de Heere: allegory of the birth of Emperor Charles V, Gent, Abbey of Bijloke
  • Jean Duvet: input image to the apocalypse, Etching
  • Peter Paul Rubens: input image of the Medici cycle, Paris, Musee du Louvre
  • Cornelis Cornelisz. van Haarlem: The three Fates, Paris, eheml. Art Trade
  • Johann Joachim Kandler: Centrepiece with the Fates to Catherine II of Russia, Schloss Oranienbaum near St. Petersburg
  • Asmus Jakob Carstens: The Singing Fates Atropos, several plaster casts of the lost original, inter alia, Frankfurt, Liebighaus
  • Francisco de Goya: Las Parcas, Madrid, Museo del Prado
  • Johann Gottfried Schadow: Tomb of the Counts of Mark, Berlin, Alte Nationalgalerie
  • Johann Gottfried Schadow: Tomb of Count Blumenthal, Good Horst, Brandenburg
  • Bernhard Rode: dedication etching for the Berlin physician Johann Carl Wilhelm Moehsen
  • Johann Heinrich Dannecker: Fates as watch cases, multiple formations, inter alia, Stuttgart State Gallery
  • Christian Daniel Rauch: Candelabra in the mausoleum of Queen Luise, Berlin, Park of Schloss Charlottenburg
  • Bertel Thorvaldsen: Relief with the Fates, Copenhagen, Thorvaldsen Museum
  • Edwin Scharff: Fates, Edwin Scharff Museum, Neu-Ulm
  • Bernhard Heiliger: the three Fates, University of Münster
  • Wolfgang Friedrich ( born 1947 ): 3 Fates, collection of the artist
  • Martin Mosebach (b. 1951): " The beautiful habit to live ", 1997
  • Pietro Belotti, The Fates, Lachesis, 1684, State Gallery of Stuttgart
Clotho Lachesis (mythology) Morta (mythology) Fulgentius of Ruspe Petrarch Jean-Philippe Rameau Emerson, Lake & Palmer Cornelis van Haarlem Wilhelm Heinrich Roscher
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