Paul Carus

Paul Carus ( born July 18, 1852 in Ilsenburg, † February 11, 1919 ) was a German - American publisher, writer and philosopher.

Life

Paul Carus was born the son of a Protestant pastor in Ilse castle on the resin. He attended high school in Poznan and Szczecin. There, the mathematician and philosopher Hermann Grassmann was his teacher.

Carus studied philosophy, classical philology and natural science in Greifswald, Strasbourg and Tübingen, where he received his doctorate in 1876. Carus was a teacher at the military academy in Dresden, where he was having trouble due to his liberal settings. He emigrated first to England and then in 1883 in the United States.

From New York City Carus went to Chicago, where he married Mary ( Marie) Hegeler, the daughter of the industrialist Edward C. Hegeler. They lived in " Hegeler Carus Mansion" in La Salle, a villa in the style of the Second Empire. There was in the first floor of the Open Court Publishing Company housed on the Carus magazines The Open Court (from 1886) and The Monist ( 1890 ) published. Besides a large number of essays he published over 70 books and pamphlets own. His newspaper published works of Charles S. Peirce, William James, Friedrich Max Müller, Ernst Mach, Gottlob Frege, Ernst Schröder or Bertrand Russell. The focus of the publishing house was writings of eastern religion. At Mach and Schröder was a close contact. In 1894, Carus was inducted into the Leopoldina.

Carus considered himself rather than pantheistic theologian than as a philosopher. The imprint of The Open Court, he published his model:

Carus contributed significantly to the knowledge of Buddhism in the United States and supported in particular the translation of Daisetz Teitaro Suzuki. About his book " The Gospel of Buddha," he wrote in the preface:

The estate of Paul Carus is in the Morris Library of Southern Illinois University Carbondale.

Works

Selection:

  • Metaphysics in science, ethics and religion: a philosophical investigation. Dresden 1881
  • Songs of a Buddhist. Dresden 1882
  • Cause, reason and purpose: a philosophical investigation to establish the terms. Dresden 1883
  • Monism and meliorism, a philosophical essay on causality and ethics. New York, 1885
  • A life in song: poems of a homeless. Milwaukee 1886
  • Fundamental problems. The method of philosophy as a systematic arrangement of knowledge. Chicago 1889
  • The soul of man: an investigation of the facts of physiological and experimental psychology. Chicago 1891
  • Homilies of science. Chicago 1892
  • Truth in fiction: twelve tales with a moral, Chicago 1893
  • The religion of science. Chicago 1893
  • The gospel of Buddha accor ding to old records. Chicago 1894 (12th edition 1920), ISBN 978-1-59547-941-9 (online) ( German: tells The Gospel of Buddha according to the sources, 1905), full text
  • The nature of the state. Chicago 1894
  • Nirvana, a story of Buddhist philosophy. Chicago 1896 ( description), ISBN 978-1-4286-0304-2
  • The dharma, or The religion of enlightenment; to exposition of Buddhism. Chicago 1896, ISBN 978-1-4286-4301-7
  • Karma, a story of Buddhist ethics. Chicago 1896 ( description)
  • Buddhism and Its Christian Critics, Chicago 1897
  • Chinese philosophy: thought to exposition of the main characteristic features of Chinese. Chicago 1898, ISBN 978-1-4304-4650-7
  • Kant and Spencer; a study of the fallacies of agnosticism. Chicago 1899
  • The history of the devil and the idea of evil; from the earliest times to the present day. Chicago 1899 ( German: History of the Devil From the dawn of civilization to modern times, 2004, ISBN 978-3-89094-424-1 ), full text
  • The ethical problem: three lectures on ethics as a science. 2 ext. Edition. Chicago 1899
  • Whence and whither: an inquiry into the nature of the soul, its origin and its destiny. Chicago 1900
  • Kant's Prolegomena to any future metaphysics. Introduction and Explanation, Chicago 1902
  • The surd of metaphysics; of inquiry into the question Are there things- in - Themselves? . Chicago 1903
  • Friedrich Schiller; a sketch of his life and in appreciation of his poetry. Chicago 1905
  • Our children; hints from practical experience for parents and teachers. Chicago 1906, ISBN 978-1-4304-5119-8
  • Amitabha, A Story of Buddhist Theology. Chicago in 1906, full text
  • The story of Samson and its place in the religious development of mankind. Chicago 1907
  • The rise of man; a sketch of the origin of the human race. Chicago 1907
  • Chinese thought: an exposition of the main characteristic features of the Chinese world- conception. Chicago 1907
  • The foundations of mathematics; a contribution to the philosophy of geometry. Chicago 1908
  • God: an inquiry into the nature of man 's highest ideal and a solution of the problem- from the standpoint of science. Chicago 1908
  • The Pleroma, an essay on the origin of Christianity, Chicago 1909
  • Philosophy as a science: a synopsis of the writings of Dr. Paul Carus. Containing an introduction written by himself, summaries of his books, and a list of articles to date, Chicago 1909
  • Truth on trial: an exposition of the nature of truth, Preceded by a critique of pragmatism and of appreciation of its leader. Chicago 1911
  • The Philosophy of the form. Chicago 1911
  • The principle of relativity in the light of the philosophy of science / by Paul Carus; with an appendix Containing a letter from James Bradley on the motion of the fixed stars, in 1727, Chicago in 1913
  • The Mechanistic Principle and the Non- Mechanical. Chicago 1913
  • Nietzsche and Other Exponents of Individualism. Chicago 1914
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