Paul von Lilienfeld

Paul von Lilienfeld (Russian Павел Фёдорович Лилиенфельд-Тоаль/Pawel Fyodorovich Lilijenfeld - Toal; French: Paul de Lilienfeld, * 1829 in Bialystok, † January 11, 1903 in Saint Petersburg ) was a Russian sociologist and statesman.

He was 17 years governor of Courland and then Senator of the Russian Empire. The same time he was concerned with fundamental questions of social science, 1897-1898, he was president of the Institut International de Sociologie in Paris.

Lilienfeld is considered the " most typical and extreme representatives of the biological school of sociology ", which also included Herbert Spencer and René Worms. Lilienfeld transferred Virchow's cell theory directly on the formation and growth of human association. In his sociological masterpiece he designed a pathology of society, he opposed a social theraphy in the medical sense.