Pelobatoidea

Knife base ( Pelobates cultripes )

The toads frogs ( Pelobatoidea; formerly Pelobatidae ) are a rather primitive superfamily of frogs and toads ( Anura ), whose representatives often a toad -like figure, but a frog -like, pointed face field have ( naming). Phylogenetically they are made ​​is between the prophecies and Scheibenzünglern one hand ( = Archaeobatrachia ) and the " Higher anurans " ( = Neobatrachia as: True Toads, tree frogs, True Frogs ) to classify the other hand, and are therefore - among other things according to features of the bone structure - in the subordination Mesobatrachia provided.

Worldwide distinction is little more than 140 toads frog species in 12 genera and two families. The distribution extends over Europe, northwest Africa and the Middle East (Family Pelobatidae ) and Southeast Asia (Family Megophryidae ). The sister group of toads frogs superfamily Pelodytoidea, consisting of the families of American spadefoot and mud diving with a total of eleven species in three genera.

It is striking among others, the vertical slit pupil in daylight. The tongue is thick, circular, and almost the entire surface adherent to the floor of the mouth. When mating, the female is the male in the lumbar region, ie immediately before the hind legs clutching ( inguinal amplexus ).

Taxonomy to the genus level

( In addition, selection, individual species are listed )

Superfamily Pelobatoidea:

  • Family Megophryidae Bonaparte, 1850 - Asian toads frogs Genus Borneophrys Delorme, Dubois, Grosjean & Ohler, 2006
  • Genus Brachytarsophrys Tian & Hu, 1983
  • Genus Leptobrachella Smith, 1925
  • Genus Leptobrachium Tschudi, 1838
  • Genus Leptolalax Dubois, 1980
  • Genus Pelobates Wagler, 1830 - European spadefoot Type Pelobates cultripes ( Cuvier, 1829) - knife base
  • Type Pelobates fuscus ( Laurenti, 1768) - spadefoot
  • Type Pelobates syriacus Boettger, 1889 - Syrian shovel toad

The sister group of toads frogs forms the superfamily Pelodytoidea:

  • Family Pelodytidae Bonaparte, 1850 - Mud Diver Genus Pelodytes Bonaparte, 1838 - Mud Diver Type Pelodytes ibericus Sánchez- Herraiz, Barbadillo Escriva, Machordom & SANCHIZ, 2000 - Iberian mud diver
  • Type Pelodytes punctatus ( Daudin, 1802) - Western mud diver
  • Genus Scaphiopus Holbrook, 1836 Type Scaphiopus couchii Baird, 1854 - Southern blade
Lissamphibia Phylogenetics Long-nosed horned frog Parsley frog Iberian parsley frog Common parsley frog Couch's spadefoot toad
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