Peritoneal cavity

The peritoneal cavity, also known as peritoneal cavity, peritoneal cavity or peritoneal cavity, or cavum peritonei Latin, is part of the abdominal cavity ( abdominal cavity ).

Definition

The term can describe two rooms:

Peritoneal cavity i.e.S.

The peritoneal cavity narrow sense is a gap between the parietal peritoneum ( the lining of the inside of the abdominal wall ) and visceral peritoneum ( the covering of the organs in the abdominal cavity). In the peritoneal cavity, a small amount of peritoneal fluid is. In adults, it is about 50 to 80 ml of peritoneal fluid, secreted from the peritoneum and is absorbed. The secretion has lubricating properties, making it lowers the friction of the organs in the peritoneal cavity. Thus, the movements of the organs against each other easier. Both too much and too little peritoneal fluid can be pathological for the person concerned. The peritoneal fluid is usually clear, viscous and odorless. The isotonic fluid also has anti-inflammatory properties. In some diseases, such as endometriosis, is increased, the number of leukocytes in the peritoneal fluid.

In peritoneal dialysis, the large surface area of the peritoneal cavity is utilized as a membrane for fluid or electrolyte replacement. For this purpose, a small tube is placed through the abdominal wall into the peritoneal cavity. Through the tube, the dialysis liquid is injected into the peritoneal cavity. About the peritoneum then takes place the mass transfer.

The large surface area on the other hand peritoneal facilitates the rapid spread of infection and inflammation (? Peritonitis). Cancer cells in the peritoneal cavity can easily absiedeln ( metastasize ) quickly spread there and thus lead to peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Injection into the peritoneal cavity is referred to as an intraperitoneal injection. This application form is used mainly in animals. The term intraperitoneally is an anatomical position statement, " located within the peritoneal cavity " which means.

Peritoneal cavity i.w.S.

In a broader sense the peritoneal cavity thus consists of the peritoneum and the organs of the abdomen located intraperitoneally. These include the stomach, most of the small intestine, part of the colon, liver, pancreas, spleen, and in women the ovaries, the fallopian tubes and the uterus.

The peritoneal cavity can be divided by the transverse colon ( transverse mesocolon ) into two sections. Above the transverse colon is the pars supracolica with liver, gallbladder, stomach, duodenum, pancreas and spleen. Below the transverse colon, is the pars infracolica with the small intestine ( duodenum without ) and colon (including Qercolon without rectum ). Towards the bottom of it is limited by the pelvic plane.