Péter Pázmány

Péter Pázmány de Panasz [ pe ː tɛr pa ː zma ː ɲ ] (lat. Peter Pazmanus, German Peter Pazman, Slovak Peter Pázmán; born October 4, 1570 Oradea (German Oradea, Hungarian Nagyvarad ), Transylvania, now Romania, † March 19, 1637 in Pressburg ( now Bratislava, Hungarian Pozsony ), Royal Hungary, now Slovakia) was a Hungarian philosopher and theologian. He was the main figure of the Counter-Reformation in Royal Hungary ( largely in the area of ​​present-day Slovakia ).

Life

Under the influence of his Catholic stepmother and the Jesuit István Szántó 1583 Péter Pázmány, son of Calvinist parents took the Catholic faith and entered the Jesuit College of Cluj ( Kolozsvár German, Hungarian Kolozsvár ) a. In 1583 he joined the Order of the Jesuits. During the novitiate, he was in Krakow and Vienna, where he studied at the Faculty of Arts, and 1593-1597 he studied theology in Rome. In Rome he was also a priest and a doctor of theology. There he met Robert Bellarmine know, the famous " fighter " by Giordano Bruno. Pázmány views and Rekatholisierungsbemühungen emerged during this period.

After his studies, he came to appeal Archduke Charles to Graz. There he was for the time being from 1597 to 1601 professor of philosophy ( he taught logic, ethics and science), and later of theology ( 1603-06 ). One of his theology students in Graz was St.. Marko of Križevci. In 1601 he was sent as a missionary preacher in his home, where he was active in Šaľa, later in Košice ( Kassa German, Hungarian Kassa ). 1607-1616 he was in the service Ferenc Forgáchs, the Archbishop of Esztergom ( Gran dt ) based in Trnava ( Trnava German, Hungarian Nagyszombat ). On whose initiative Pázmány was released from religious vows of the Jesuits and the Pope appointed provost of Turz on 25 April 1616. Since Forgách still died the same year, 1616 Pázmány was Archbishop based in Trnava. 1629 he was appointed cardinal.

He died March 19, 1637 in Bratislava in Bratislava and was buried there in St. Martin.

Work

Péter Pázmány was the most important representative of the Catholic restoration in Royal Hungary. His opponent was the Protestant István Magyari, who saw all the mischief in Royal Hungary as a punishment from God for the " Catholic idolatry " in the country.

1619 Pázmány founded in Trnava an educational institution for Catholics, 1623 in Vienna, the Pazmaneum, which was relocated in 1761 to Trnava, Trnava and in the Adalbertinum as a seminary. In Bratislava he founded a theological school with dormitory and in Nové Zámky ( Neuhausl ) and Kremnica ( Kremnitz ) for the Franciscan monasteries of the Jesuits. In 1635 he founded in Trnava / Trnava / Nagyszombat an important university, which was moved in 1777 to Budapest today Eötvös Loránd University and the Catholic Pázmány Péter University.

Pázmány regarded as the founder of the Hungarian-speaking Baroque literature. He was mainly concerned with the translation of the Latin religion and prayer books, but was also active as an author himself. In his works he compares the glory of God the human imperfection and urges humility. The most important of his writings is the " Guide to divine truth."

In 1992, the Catholic University was reactivated in Budapest, Pázmány Péter carries name. In Vienna's Leopoldstadt district the Pazmanitengasse is named after him.

Writings

Grazer philosophical disputations of Péter Pázmány, ed Paul Richard Blumand Emil Hargittay, Piliscsaba ( Pázmány Péter Catholic University) in 2003.

Pázmány Péter és kora [P. P. and his time ], ed Emil Hargittay, Piliscsaba ( Pázmány Péter Katolikus Egyetem ) 2001.