Phaeolus schweinitzii

Pine Braunporling ( Phaeolus spadiceus )

The Inedible Pine Braunporling ( Phaeolus spadiceus, Syn Phaeolus schweinitzii ) is a species of fungus in the family tree sponge relatives. The fungus is also known as spruce Braunporling, Yellow Braunporling or softwood Braunporling. It is a brownish-yellow Porling that grows at the foot of conifers and olivgelbliche to - brownish and often labyrinthine tubes has. Young, yellowish fruiting bodies stain brownish. The fruiting bodies appear from June to October.

• 6.1 Notes and references

Features

Macroscopic characteristics

The flat, irregularly top-to dish-shaped fruiting bodies are 10-30 cm wide and up to 10 cm high. You can also grow into more or overlap dachziegelig, foreign objects such as twigs, stems or stalks are overgrown. The surface is wavy - tuberculate, tomentose to villous and dull. Jung may be more or less concentrically zoned fruiting. The marginal zone is in the growth phase nicely sulfur yellow, orange -yellow to green-yellow colored, the center is dark brown and aged entirely reddish brown to blackish brown.

The tubes are 3-10 cm long. The mouths of the pores are round and slightly extended until labyrinthine. The pores are relatively fine ( about 1-2 per mm) and fresh yellowish to dirty olivgelblich and later rust colored brown. In case of contact immediately patch it dark brown. The spore powder is creamy yellow.

The short, stout, upwardly usually becomes thicker stem is dark brown. It can sometimes also almost completely absent. The first stainless yellowish flesh is 1-3 cm thick and young soft and juicy. Later it becomes dry, corky and tough, and is then dyed auburn. Old Fruit bodies are remarkably light. The meat has a discreet smell and tastes slightly sour.

Microscopic characteristics

The smooth, elliptical and inamyloiden spores are 5-8 microns long and 3.5-4.5 microns wide. The cystidia are thin-walled.

Artabgrenzung

Actually, only very young, weichfleischige, tube loose copies are harder to determine. It is typical that the more or less yellow fruiting bodies stain dark brown on pressure points. Law may be similar to the Triangular Filzporling ( Onnia triqueter ). He has smaller fruits and has the hymenium setae. The Filzporling like to grow on the face of pine stumps.

Ecology

• Countries with records by
• Countries with no evidence
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• Non-European countries

In and outside of forests of pine Braunporling is not bound to specific soil types, nor to certain forest communities. He also prefers pine forests, which are more or less nitrogen charged. You can find the fungus on forest roads, forest edges, clearings and in parks. The Pine Braunporling is a dangerous tree root parasite and Holzsaprobiont. He penetrates the roots of older or sickly trees and from there into the heartwood of the lower trunk area. He produces a cube of brown rot, in which the attacked wood decomposes a cube. The infested wood has a characteristic turpentine odor. The fruiting bodies sit above ground in shallow roots, to root necks or at the base of the stem still alive or already dead trees and stumps. There the Braunporling remains to Final Phase of Vermorschung.

Although the fungus preferred pines attacks, he can be found in other conifers, especially on spruce, larch and Douglas fir. In rare cases, it was also observed on deciduous trees. The fruiting bodies can be found throughout the year across. Young specimens usually appear from May until autumn. The development of mature fruiting bodies to Sporenreife takes a little longer than two weeks. The fungus begins to sporulate only when the summer temperature maximum is exceeded and drop the average temperatures below 15 ° C. The Sporulationsperiode takes 3-4 months, the mycelium may take up to 6-8 years constantly come up with new fruiting bodies.

Dissemination

In Europe, the pine Braunporling is very common especially in the northwest. He is present in all of Europe and is probably nowhere rare. In the north of its range extends into Norway to the 69th, in Sweden until the 68th and in Finland to 63 latitude, to the east it is spread all over Russia. In the tropics it grows commonly on various deciduous tree species in the Holarctic ( North America, Canary Islands, North Africa, Europe, Asia Minor and the Caucasus ) it is found preferably on conifers.

Importance

The Pine Braunporling is an important and widespread damage to wood. Especially in the oceanic north-west Europe, the fungus causes large economic losses. With the Braunporling protein-containing natural fibers such as silk and wool can be dyed. Depending on the dyeing process can be achieved to brown stains yellow with it. The most important pigment that forms the fungus, the yellow-brown hispidine that generates the fungus in a large amount. Numerous other dyes have been isolated, all of which are derived from hispidine. The hispidine takes its name from the shaggy Schillerporling ( Inonotus hispidus ), from which the dye was first isolated.

The fungus is inedible in all stages of development and is not suitable for the kitchen.

Swell

• Paul Kirk: Phaeolus schweinitzii. In: Species Fungorum. Accessed on 9 December 2013.
• Phaeolus schweinitzii. In: MycoBank.org. International Mycological Association, accessed on 9 December 2013 ( English).