Philipp von Hörnigk

Philip Wilhelm von Hornick (* January 23, 1640 in Frankfurt am Main, † October 23, 1714 in Passau, also written Hörnigk or Horneck ) was a German -Austrian economist and Camera List the Baroque period. He represented a mercantilist economic policies and is primarily known for his programmatic masterpiece Austria about everything when it wants to.

Life

His parents were of the Frankfurt city physician and pharmacist Ludwig von Hornick (also Hörnigk ) and his wife Maria Elisabeth de Jacobinis (* 1616). He went in 1650 with his father to Mainz, where he studied from 1654 from 1657 in what was then the Spanish Netherlands belonging Leuven and from 1660 in the Bavarian city of Ingolstadt at the prestigious Catholic University of Law, where he received his doctorate in 1661. 1664/1665 he went to Vienna and joined first in the service of the Bishop of Wiener Neustadt Christoph de Rojas y Spinola. From 1669 he served as its administrator in the parish of Hartberg in Styria.

From 1673 he worked with Johann Joachim Becher in Vienna on trade statistics on the Austrian and Bohemian hereditary lands. Johann Joachim Becher was his brother and his sister Maria Veronica of Hörnigk (* 1642) married. 1680 he served as secretary of the Count and Austrian ambassador Johann Philipp Lambert in Berlin. In 1682 he published two treatises on Public Law, in which he criticized massively any French desires to imperial territory sharp. After repelled only with great difficulty the Second Siege of Vienna of 1683, he wrote in 1684 a programmatic essay on the necessary economic policies in order to survive economically in the future and thus militarily against the Ottoman Empire can. Since paid at this time mercenaries represented a large part of the army and especially the loyalty of the Hungarian nobility of cash payments was dependent, he advocated a consistent mercantilist policy whose main objective is to be the multiplication of the available funds. In this anonymously published work entitled Austria about everything when it only wants he complained:

"All such misfortune and evil would have been tax recovery, when it is not, by means of a corrupt country Oeconomie [ ... ] the means of resistance, nervus rerum gerendarum, out of the hands would have been left behind. [ ... ] When some Monath before würklichen Türckische burglary some Baare million dollars more than those days found, in fact, been at hand ... "

He urged especially the military backing up important sources of income such as ore mines. In particular, it was meant in the Apusen Mountains, the Transylvanian gold mines. In his opinion, the prosperity of a kingdom depended mainly on the existing in raw materials and less by the then mostly confined to luxury goods trade. He suggested a Raw Cross Of Project to position an army of a hundred thousand men from the Kayser Lichen Erb countries in which he posed the question:

" What cost 100,000 men under arms and to what extent is financed? "

This work is one of the most important scriptures of mercantilism and still dominated over a generation, the economic policy debate. Overall, it appeared 15 editions until 1784. He reached for the first time, the Habsburg territories as a coherent economic area and laid the foundations for the absolutist economic policy in the 18th century.

In 1690, when his influence at the Viennese court declined, he moved to the Bishopric of Passau and joined the service of the by now had become a local bishop Johann Philipp Lambert and became his personal advisor and privy councilor. The rest of his life he spent then in Passau, which was then closely followed political Austria. In 1708 he published his last work of the Historical Ad root causes of the privileges of the Hochlöblichsten Ertz - house of Austria.

Philip Wilhelm von Hornick was close friends with a native of Speyer, Johann Joachim Becher and was in epistolary contact with his contemporary Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz.

Reception

Was worked Scientifically his work for the first time by Karl Theodor von Inama - Sternegg, his successor as the Austrian statisticians and economists in the late 19th century. 1997 appeared a facsimile printing his book of 1684 for the first time.

Song of Germany

When August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben 1841 Helgoland wrote the lyrics of the song Germany, he settled in the input line from the title of the font Hornicks Austria, inspired above all else. This had the deceased in 1800, Baron Philipp received by Gemmingen and publishes a magazine under the title " Teutschland about everything 1809 had the Austrian poet Heinrich Joseph von Collin same line used for a patriotic soldier's song meantime is first verse. .:

"If it only wants to always Is Austria Over All! Armed men now calls joyful Schalles: It will, it will! High Austria! "

Works

• Philipp Wilhelm von Hörnigk: Austria about everything, when really want it. that is: well-meaning Fürschlag as a means of wolbestellten Lands Oeconomie that Kayserl. To raise hereditary land in recently about all other state of Europe, and more than some of those same others to make independent. 1684 ( digitized in the Google Book Search ). Facsimile edition: Publisher Economy and Finance, Dusseldorf 1997