Phormium tenax
New Zealand flax ( Phormium tenax )
The New Zealand flax ( Phormium tenax ), ( maori: Harakeke ), also known as New Zealand flax, is one of two species of the genus Phormium, which belongs to the subfamily of Tagliliengewächse ( Hemerocallidoideae ). Previously it was counted to the family of Agave ( Agavaceae ). He is originally from New Zealand, and in some parts of the world greatly distending neophyte, which was introduced by humans in some tropical countries and cultivated for the production of fibers.
Description of the plant
Habitus and sheets
In New Zealand Flax is an herbaceous perennial plant that can reach heights of growth of up to 5 meters. As outlasting form rhizomes. The sword-shaped, paralleladrigen, stiffly erect basal leaves are 1-3 feet long, 50 to 125 mm wide and have a dark green color and sometimes colored tops and central ribs. There are some forms of culture with beautifully colored leaves.
Inflorescence, flowers and fruit
Very many flowers are in the inflorescence. The upright stem of the inflorescence branches and can be meters long up to to 5 (up to 6).
The hermaphrodite flowers are in threes. There are six equally shaped and colored bracts ( tepals ), six stamens in each flower available. Three carpels are a superior ovaries is grown.
The capsule dreikammerigen fruits are smaller than 10 cm. The black seeds are 9-10 mm long, 4-5 mm wide and are spread by the wind.
Ecology
These plant species displaced in some tropical countries, where native flora ( eg island of St. Helena ).
Occurrence
The natural range is New Zealand and Norfolk Island. The natural sites are located mainly in swamps and low lying areas. But they spread even today, for example, on hills from.
There are (especially the cultural forms ) decorative ornamental plants that are commonly grown in tropical parks and gardens.
Use
The New Zealand Flax was used for fiber production.
There are some forms of culture with beautifully colored leaves. Since they are very easy to maintain and fast growing, they are often planted in tropical parks and gardens.
Roasted seeds are used as a coffee substitute.
Swell
- Plants description in the Flora of New Zealand. (English)
- Brief Description of Art (English)