Phosphorus trifluoride

• Phosphortrifluorid
• Trifluorophosphane

Colorless gas with a pungent odor

Gaseous

3.96 g · l -1 ( 0 ° C)

-152 ° C

-95.2 ° C

6.9 MPa (20 ° C)

With water hydrolysis

Not set

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Phosphorus (III ) fluoride is a toxic, odorless at low concentrations, colorless gas. In water it is hydrolyzed slowly in alkalis quickly phosphonic acid or phosphonate. With many Lewis acids it forms stable complexes.

Production and representation

Phosphortrifluorid is usually produced by halogen exchange of phosphorus trichloride by hydrogen fluoride, arsenic (III ) fluoride, calcium fluoride or zinc fluoride.

Properties

Physical Properties

The molecule is built trigonal -pyramidal and has a bond angle of 96 °. Phosphorus - fluorine bond is 156 pm in length, the binding energy is at standard conditions of 499 kJ / mol.

The phosphorus atom is a signal in the nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at a chemical shift of 97 ppm.

Chemical Properties

Phosphorus (III ) fluoride hydrolyzes slowly in water, alkalis quickly phosphonic acid and hydrofluoric acid or phosphonates and fluorides. In comparison with phosphorus trichloride Phosphortrifluorid hydrolyzed but slower. Phosphortrifluorid is a very weak Lewis acid but a very strong Lewis base. As such, it forms complexes with Lewis acids form stable complexes. Many metal carbonyls, it is also able to displace the carbon monoxide and replaced.

Use

On an industrial scale is Phosphortrifluorid no use, but in research it finds in organic synthesis and for the preparation of complexes using.

Biological Significance

Phosphorus (III ) fluoride is highly toxic to humans because it binds irreversibly to hemoglobin such as carbon monoxide and thus prevents the oxygen breathing.