Pieniężno
Pieniężno [ p ʲ eɲɛʒnɔ ] ( German flour sack, 1945-1947 Melzak ), is a town of about 3,000 inhabitants in the powiat Braniewski in the Warmia and Mazury in Poland in the former East Prussia.
- 6.1 Literature
- 6.2 External links
- 6.3 footnotes
Geographical location
The city lies on the Walsch ( Wałsza ), 30 kilometers southeast of Braniewo ( Brown Mountain ).
History
Today's Pieniężno was founded in the 14th century in the Prussian Warmia west of Lidzbark Warmiński ( Heilenberg ). The coat of arms shows, inter alia, three sacks of flour. Copernicus worked for several years as administrator of the counties Olsztyn and flour sack.
Originally, the city was a settlement of the Prussians, which was probably in the 13th century under the name Malcekuke created ( Old Prussian for " grove of the Underground "). In a deed dated April 7, 1282, the name Malzak was mentioned on May 5, 1304 Melzak. The exact date of the award of the town law is unknown, in 1312 possessed of place but already these rights.
In February 1945, during the battle of the " Heilberger triangle" and then to the boiler Heiligenbeil of the city was destroyed to 90%. In the battles also Army General Ivan Chernyakhovsky, commander of the 3rd Belorussian Front fell. After the struggles of the place lost its city charter.
As one of the few South East Prussian towns (such as Ketrzyn ( Rastenburg ) and Mrągowo (Sensburg )) was Mehlsack 1947 completely renamed, after the murdered in the concentration camp Seweryn Pieniężny ( 1890-1940 ), an editor of Gazeta Olsztyńska, the during the Nazi regime banned newspaper of the polish minority in Warmia. 1973 Pieniężno received city rights again.
Pieniężno could develop in the subsequent period any more. The old town remained until the 1990s, a wasteland, dominated only by the surviving Catholic Church. Only the ruins of the Town Hall, the remains of the former castle, which was built according to a design by Karl Friedrich Schinkel Tower of the Protestant Church, the foundations of many houses and the grid-like road network remained. Since then carried out on the plan of the old city, an extensive reconstruction. The most important buildings are reconstructed, rebuilt the other streets in the scale of the old buildings.
Population Development
Of the 3,937 residents who lived here in 1890, 346 were Protestant and 70 Jewish faith.
Subsequently, the population development of the city
Twin Cities
Since 14 October 1996 is twinned with the Westphalian city of Lichtenau.
Gmina
The urban and rural community Pieniężno consists of the following villages:
Personalities
- Karl Selke (1836-1893), Mayor of Elbing and Königsberg
- Georg Fuhg (1898-1976), sculptor
- Ulrich Fox ( born 1944 ), sculptor and graphic artist