Pierre Macquer

Pierre -Joseph Macquer ( born October 9, 1718, Paris, † February 15, 1784 ) was an influential French physician and chemist of the 18th century.

Life and work

He was the eldest son of Joseph and Marie- Anne Macquer Caillet.Nach graduating from the Faculté de médecine de Paris in 1742, he practiced for several years as a doctor for the poor of the parishes of Saint- Nicolas and Saint- Sauveur, very near his home in the rue Saint- Sauveur. He studied chemistry under Guillaume- François Rouelle and soon began independent chemical tests carried out. His main interest was in the application of chemical knowledge in medicine. In addition, he made ​​important research contributions to china, for dyeing and saltpetre. He is considered the discoverer of arsenic acid and introduced for the first time yellow prussiate of potash from Prussian blue and potassium ago. He was a supporter of the phlogiston theory and therefore a declared opponent of Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier.

Macquer taught starting in 1751 and partly in collaboration with Antoine Baume at the Sorbonne, and from 1770 to 1783 at the Jardin du Roi. He was the author of several well-known and popular textbooks. 1749 Eléments de chimie - he wrote théorique, 1751 was followed by the practical part. Macquer became famous as the author of the 1766 published Dictionary of Chemistry more ( " Chymisches dictionary " ), the first chemical- encyclopedic dictionary at all, which was widely read and translated into several languages. Even as an employee of the Encyclopédie d' Yverdon he did show up.

Macquers Elteren were Joseph Macquer (* ca.1675 ) and Marie -Anne (born Caillet ) Macquer ( * ca 1685). The historian Philippe Macquer (1715-1770) was his brother. From a marriage from 1748 Two daughters were born.

Works (selection)

  • Elemens Chemistry more de - théorique, 1749
  • Elemens Chemistry more de - pratique, contenant la description des opérations fondamentales de la Chemistry more, avec des explications & the remarques sur chaque opération, 2 volumes, 1751
  • Dictionary of Chemistry more, théorie et la pratique la contenant de cette science, but application à la physique, à l' histoire naturelle, à la médecine et aux arts de la dépendans Chemistry more, 2 volumes, 1761
  • Art de la teinture en soie, 1763
  • Manuel du naturaliste, 1770
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