Pinzgauer Cattle

Pinzgauer called a breed of cattle house.

History

The naming of the breed of cattle derives from the Pinzgau ago, now the district of Zell am See in Salzburg. After morphological and genetic studies, the Pinzgauer are more closely related to the lowland breeds than with the races of the western Alps. Introgression of Simmental, however, is historical. Even before the Pinzgauer were first described in 1846 as a race, " Pinzgauer Fasel " or " Pinzgauer blow" as designation of origin was in use. More cattle of this type in the time that are supposedly gone up in the race, were Lungau, Pongau, Molltal, Salzburg piebald Brixentaler, Tyrolean back checking, Traunstein and " Berchtesgaden cats ". The Pinzgauer was a classic three- purpose cattle in earlier times, was therefore held next to milk and meat also and above all because of its traction. In the 19th century, the breed was aimed mainly to strong draft animals that were needed everywhere in agriculture, also of breweries and in the large Zuckerrübenanbaugebierten. This train - oxen were also known under the name " Übertäuerer ". At its heyday, the Pinzgauer was the most widespread cattle throughout the territory of Austria -Hungary and spread even further into Eastern Europe. 1896 Bavarian Pinzgauer Breeders' Association was founded. In December 1900, he captured 101,880 animals in Bavaria. The big drop in the stock numbers took place in the course of industrialization after the Second World War. The demand for draft animals declined and the Pinzgauer been obtained from animals with higher milk yield, partly Simmental, displaced. Early as 1930 there were only 85,000 in Bavaria Pinzgauer.

There is a genetically hornless beat of the Pinzgauer, which Jochberger bumblebees. They go back to an almost entirely white calf, which was born in 1834 in Tyrol. At this time hornless animal were considered crippled and useless as attaching a Stirnjochs with them was not possible. Today, they are no longer tense and loose housing increases, for which the hornless animals are better ( less risk of injury). From the " Horn lots " there are fewer than 50 copies, which applies to the Red List of endangered domestic animal breeds in Austria as alarming inventory number. Two bulls since 1988 are, however, to the collection center in Salzburg. This could be subject to demand under Pinzgauerzüchtern the image quickly convert because the genetic polled is a dominant inherited trait.

Appearance

The animals are red-brown, a rich chestnut color is the breeding goal. Occasionally, before black animals, but they were no longer welcome after a previous appreciation for good luck after the turn of the century in the breed. Black bulls were used for breeding and so the black color is almost gone today. Common to all animals is the breed type and white drawing: they have a wide white stripe from the withers over the back and back of the thighs; Abdomen, chest, udder and tail are white ( Rückenscheckung ). In addition, they wear white stripes on the lower leg and upper arm, the so-called " Fatschen ". Full-grown cows weigh today about 600 to 700 kg with a height at the withers of an average of 137 cm, with bulls are about 1,000 to 1100 kg about 10 cm larger.

Inventory and performance

According to the Red List of the Society for the Conservation of Old and Endangered Livestock Breeds V. (GEH ) in Germany the Pinzgauer cattle breed is endangered, that is, the population size has fallen below a minimum number and decreases further to more than 10 percent annually. A statistic from 2001 has for Germany from a stock of around 360 pieces Pinzgauer, worldwide, there are still around. Be 1.3 million pieces. In Austria, there were 53 874 animals, of which 9,883 cows herd book in 1995. Two conflicting trends have meant that there are few pure-bred, powerful animals. Pinzgauer are bred primarily as a beef cattle with their mothers and there is thus no selection for milk yield. Also use intersections with local or strong meat breeds to be made; In Austria itself be crossed since 1969 Red Holstein to improve milk production. The objectives are 6000 kg milk with 4 percent fat and 3.5 percent protein. Average milk yield in Austria: 5356 kg milk at 3.89 percent fat and 3.28 percent protein ( 2005 ). Although Pinzgauer also remain in the criteria of daily gain and classification in commercial grades behind other breeds underestimated a special group of customers pronounced marbling of the meat. The prices for calves and fattening animals are still below those of other races. Breeding objective in terms of meat production are daily gain of 1.300 g with about 58 percent cannibalization.