Pochvennichestvo

Potschwennitschestwo (Russian: Почвенничество, such as: "return to earth ") was a flow within the Russian Slavophiles movement of the 19th century. Unlike other Slavophiles the Potschwenniki rejected the West is not in toto from, but sought a synthesis of Russian culture and Western thinking on. Founder of the movement were Nikolai Strakhov, Nikolai Danilevsky and Konstantin Leontiev, but their tonangebender thinker and speaker was soon Apollon Grigoryev. Fyodor Dostoyevsky also depended on her.

History

Like the rest of the Slavophile movement Potschwennitschestwo was a reaction to the Westernization of Russia, which had begun with the reforms of Peter the Great in the 18th century. The epitome of the Russian Potschwenniki looked at the village folk community. However, they wanted this from the Western influence not shield, but both reconcile. The anti - individualism of the other Slavophiles they refused sharp.

Dostoevsky turned the movement from 1861 to 1865 and its magazines Vremya Epocha available. After he had turned away in the Siberian exile from early socialism, he believed in a peaceful transformation of society, whose condition lies in the fact that the westernized upper class and intelligentsia their roots that lay in the simple Russian people had to restore. Power full connected with each other are both already by the Christian faith. After the reconciliation, all social classes, it was believed Dostoevsky, involved jointly in the organic development of Russia. Grigoriev had an increasingly democratic, classless nation in mind, in the nobility and lower classes were equal partners. A powerful role came here to the art whose task Grigoriev saw it, the idea of ​​a reconciled Russian society put into the picture. Criticism practiced the Potschwenniki on the other Slavophiles also because of their idealization of the Russian peasantry, which was to learn according to their own opinion as well by the upper class, as the latter must learn from the former.

In his novel The Possessed Dostoevsky articulated the Potschwennitschestwo by the figure shatov.

At the end of the 19th century, the movement both times but was still alive once, and again in the 20th century, with accents that were heavily developed further by Grigoriev position.