Porphyrellus porphyrosporus
Gloomy Boletus ( Porphyrellus porphyrosporus )
The Gloomy or porphyry Boletus ( Porphyrellus porphyrosporus, syn. P. pseudoscaber ) is a species of fungus in the family Strubbelkopfverwandten ( Strobilomycetaceae ). The gray - brown fungus is the only European representative of the genus is, however, expected by some mycologists also to the bile boletes.
- 5.1 Outer systematics
- 5.2 Internal systematics
- 7.1 Literature
- 7.2 Notes and references
Features
Macroscopic characteristics
The hat of the Dismal Röhrlings is 5-16 cm wide. He is at first hemispherical, then molded cushion -shaped and later flat and fleshy. The brim is directed or bent down. In young mushrooms of the hat is light gray-brown, later it becomes darker and assumes a dark gray -brown to olive-brown coloration. The surface is feinfilzig and velvety and matte, dry finish. The tubes are initially brownish gray and take in the course of time, a darker and dirtier hue. Bruises change color darker. Their length is 1-2 cm, they are grown or bulged and half free. The pores are gray-brown to black gray and aged far and square. The stem of the Dark Röhrlings has a length of 5-15 cm, a thickness of 1.5-4 cm and the color of the hat. Its shape ranges from bulbous to cylindrical, sometimes club- or cylindrical. The base is whitish and tomentose, the rest velvety; also become discolored bruises. The flesh is whitish or gray-white and firm and hard in the first stalk, later it becomes softer. On average, it will not stain slowly bluish, reddish or greenish. Feeding sites are white in color, the meat juice stained green paper. It smells sour and musty, and sometimes has a bitter, but sometimes also mild taste. There may be a burning aftertaste.
Microscopic characteristics
The Dark Boletus has smooth, spindle-shaped spores with a size of 13-20 × 6-8 microns. The spore has a dark reddish-brown.
Artabgrenzung
At most the Maronenröhrling (Boletus badius ) is the possibility of confusion at first glance. However, the Dark Boletus stands out by its uniform dark brown color and its matte black cap from this.
Ecology
The Dark Boletus is a mycorrhiza -forming fungus that is predominantly associated with rare conifers with deciduous trees. His preferred partner in Central Europe are common spruce and silver fir Porphyrellus porphyrosporus comes mainly in upland areas, preferably in coniferous and mixed forests before. Especially in fir-beech stands, but also in beech forests with low lime soil is the fungus from June to October to find. The advent is usually thin, sometimes, the Dark Boletus but also become the fungal mass, such as in the temperate zone northern Scandinavia.
Dissemination
The species is in North America ( from Canada to Tennessee ) and eastward spread in Europe and Asia, particularly in the Caucasus it is frequent.
System
Outer systematics
Porphyrellus porphyrosporus is the only species of the genus in Europe. Its first description was in 1835 under the name Boletus porphyrosporus by Elias Magnus Fries.
Inside systematics
For the Tenebrous Röhring following subspecies have been described:
- Porphyrellus pseudoscaber subsp. cyaneocinctus
- Porphyrellus pseudoscaber subsp. pseudoscaber
- Porphyrellus pseudoscaber subsp. typicus
Importance
As an edible mushroom Boletus the Gloomy is only conditionally edible due to its sometimes bitter and spicy taste. However, it offers the possibility to use it to a certain extent as a mixed mushroom in mushroom dishes.