Pressure washer
As a high-pressure cleaner is a work unit is designated, the removed with the help of 15 to over 1000 bar water pressure and optionally with the addition of detergents stubborn dirt. The actuator is generally electrically or by internal combustion engine. Alternatively, high pressure cleaner with hydraulic motor or PTO drive ( PTO) are available.
Assemblies:
- Drive motor
- High-pressure pump
- Heater (optional)
- Detergent tank
- Frame with chassis
- Guard
- High-pressure hose
- Hand gun
- High pressure nozzle
Operation
The cleaning medium (water) is brought by a piston pump under high pressure and heated in a hot water high -pressure cleaners with an electric heating element or with fossil fuels (gas or oil) operated burner. The high pressure produces a stream of water at high speed to the cleaning nozzle or spray head. This surface can be also exempt from most stubborn dirt or paint layers. Since the water jet is very sharp, there is both an increased risk of accident for bystanders as well as for damage to the surface to be treated. For complex cleaning tasks, special cleaning agents are available that dissolve stubborn dirt or disinfect eg in the food industry.
High Pressure Cleaners of the lower class using water pressures from 80 to 100 bar, with flow rates in the range of about 400 l / h The middle class forming units of about 150 to 200 bar with flow rates up to 1,200 l / h Professional devices have flow rates from 1.500 l / h High pressure cleaner with over 2000 bar water pressure are also known as high pressure cleaner. With these devices, the processing of surfaces is carried out in the industrial sector. By separations of metal or stone slabs with the help of water pressure (water jet cutting ) also operate with maximum pressure.
For optimum cleaning performance you need in addition to sufficient pressure and a high quantity of water which ensures high impact force and the loosened dirt removed ( Schwemmleistung ).
With a rotary nozzle (or rotor nozzle ), a circular jet nozzle, large-area hard encrustations (metallic oxidations and Verspakungen ) can be solved. It is used especially for tank cleaning, but is not recommended for sensitive materials. This work should be done with a flat nozzle of a safe distance.
Examples of use:
- Pavement cleaning in pedestrian areas - removal of chewing gum
- Facade cleaning
- Engine cleaning (after decomposition ) of deposits
History
The first steam cleaner comes from the USA. When, after the Second World War in the American occupation zone the devices were used by the U.S. Army, this Alfred Karcher, founder of the eponymous company are serviced on behalf of the U.S. Army and repaired. For these devices developed Karcher in 1950 the first European high-pressure cleaner, the DS 350 He improved the hitherto conventional steam cleaning procedure by vorschaltete a pump in the steam cycle and could significantly improve the cleaning power of the devices due to the resulting pressure.
Security
In commercially used high-pressure cleaners in Germany a security check in accordance with deadlines in BGV -A3 Table 1B: Periodic testing of portable electrical equipment in connection with the VDE regulations prescribed.
The original accident prevention regulation BGV D15 (VBG 87) " BG regulation: Working with liquid ejection " have been withdrawn due to the Ordinance on Industrial Safety and content is added to BGR 500, section 2.36. The original BGV D15 still applies to work equipment that were provided to employees for the first time before 3 October 2002, which fall outside the application of EU directives that have been transposed into German law. The use of safety goggles or suitable protective clothing when commercial uses is a prerequisite for proper operation.
The leaflet M13 " the BGHW brings a clear summary of the current rules and also shows that for the operation of high-pressure cleaners a minimum age of 16 years is required.
Known manufacturers
- Hammel Mörtelmaschinen
- Kärcher
- Nilfisk -Alto (formerly WAP)
- Stihl