Question

A question is a statement with which the speaker or writer a response to the elimination of a knowledge gap challenge ( exceptions: Rhetorical question and improper speech ). The answer is a phrase that fills the empty space that is contained in a question always. The terms Q and A form a pair of concepts. Linguistics determined questions as speech acts, especially as illocutionary acts with the purpose of knowledge transfer.

Questions expressed in the form of interrogative sentences of different types. Direct questions (eg, " How old are you ?") End in German always a question mark. Indirect questions (eg, " It would interest me how old you are. " ), However, does not necessarily end on a question mark.

• 6.1 to consider when formulating a question
• 6.2 pAKKO scheme

The question as thinking and presentation tool

Political issues

In politics is " question " as a slogan often to a complex problem of great importance, which contains information about the Technical, a ideological or national component. Examples are: German question, Schleswig -Holstein question, Roman Question, Eastern Question, the Jewish Question or the K question. In terms of a required commitment, a commitment to a position or disclosure of your intentions has become the crucial question as a concept, not only in politics, established.

In parliamentary Question Time is a regular -find item on the agenda, in which the Members may ask oral questions to the executive.

Legal cardinal questions

Lawyers assess them submitted issues of civil law based on the formula question: " Who wants what from whom what from? "

So as soon as possible clear

• To whose interests it is (who)
• Which desire, eg, power, determination, design, abstract comes into consideration (will)
• To claim what content it is concrete (what)
• Who's opponent or partner is or should be ( by whom)
• Which can claim Basics cover the desire ( resulting ).

Journalistic representation

The classic answer message the questions Who?, What?, When?, Where?, How? and Why? in order of importance. Examples:

• The Chancellor yesterday traveled to Beijing to discuss accompanied by German business representatives with the Chinese President issues of economic and cultural exchange.
• A stranger has destroyed last night the door of a cathedral with a crowbar. Nothing was removed from the house of God. Police and church administration are puzzled.

See also: Wh-questions, Journalistic representation of mold

The question in interviews

Interviews are frequently used in journalism and in empirical social research. There, the issue is a methodological position.

There are different types of questions:

Issues in the evaluation of requirements

Questionnaires or request catalogs are used in many management systems and in the policy of certification and to assess whether the respective destination is reached. They are used to monitor compliance with standards or to make systems comparable (see also " Benchmark" ).

Issues in expert systems

As is generally through questions and answers created a learning process, as a branch of artificial intelligence, issues in expert systems, used as important tools to sift through knowledge bases and to add new knowledge.

Scientific questions

As in everyday knowledge also applies scientific knowledge: Every statement is an answer to a question. All knowledge is used to solve problems. The basic problems are survival and propagation; from these basic problems results in numerous sub-problems. The desire to solve these problems arise questions. There are basic questions, main and sub-questions. The fundamental questions are in the everyday knowledge as scientific knowledge in the same:

• What is the problem to be solved?
• What assumptions I have about the problem?
• How do I define the object of study?
• What is the subject? (descriptive, " descriptive " statements )
• Why is the object ( so )? ( explanatory, " causal " statements )
• How does the subject will develop in the future? ( predictive, " prognostic " statements )
• How do you rate the subject matter? ( evaluative, " normative " statements )
• What should you do in terms of the subject matter? ( recommending statements )

To scientific knowledge and scientific questions differ from everyday knowledge and everyday issues in that they significantly (and increasingly ) become more conscious and systematic issue and reply.

Not all questions are scientifically answerable. A scientific answer questions is only possible if they

• Easily and precisely formulated, are
• The relationships between the variables are clearly formulated,
• The statements empirically (ie, by means of systematic observation) are verifiable.

The question as a tool in the seminar and training

Who asks that leads - this is also true in the field of adult education and seminar system!

The quality of the response or the triggered Nachdenkprozesses depends largely on the wording of the question.

To consider when formulating a question

• Specific formulation of the objective which would be achieved with the question
• Compliance with the pAKKO scheme (see below)
• No discussion of the question to provoke (unless this effect is intentional )
• Just one question formulated at the same time / avoid double questions ( often lead to confusion )
• Avoid Tags ( can contribute to polarization or unwanted associations )
• In preparation for possible answers already anticipate ( "anticipate" )
• Enough background information for question and related topics appropriate ( when requesting information, etc. )
• Formulate questions positively. Responses to negatively worded questions are often ambiguous and therefore difficult to understand ( double negative ). Example: " Are you coming " is a clear question. " Are not you coming? " Is not the opposite, but has additional connotations, such as a prior assumption or insinuation that the partner will not come anyway. The answer "yes" or "no" is not readily possible because it can be misunderstood.

PAKKO scheme

This scheme is a sort of " checklist " acronym list for questions in seminars:

• P for personal
• A for activating
• K for short
• K for concrete
• O for open

A question to the person addressed to stimulate thought and not confuse. Therefore, direct-to- participant questions, the most appropriate short and in the open form, for the learning process.