Queue area

A queue is formed when more requests are directed per unit of time to a system as this is able to process at the same time, so the demand exceeds the power of the system. A snake Waiting normally develops due to lack of adjustment on both sides.

In their place, a crowd can arise, its dangers ( costs) can be higher than the disciplined Wait demanded all its advantages (power) but be to reward the most tailgaters.

A queue will be formed if more offers are directed to a system per unit of time, as this may decrease at the same time, so the offer exceeds the performance of the system. Such a queue is always created if the cost of the wait of the provider are less than the cost of servicing the customer or when the conditions have been agreed accordingly. Such a queue is established for the stabilization of the system operation.

The formation of a physical queue can be avoided if a call system is set up or the people abzufertigende amount is known and which offer courses (consulting, cash, service ) is timely raised.

From a technical point of view queues have buffer functions in discrete systems. They are a prerequisite for the rocking ability of a system, oscillations are usually undesirable.

Scientific treatment

In the field of computer science the queue is a special data structure, ie a set of elements (tasks, operations ), the wait before an operator station to an event ( execution, service, forwarding) and are processed serially there.

In mathematics, queuing theory is explored under the name, such as the waiting time is distributed or wait how many customers / parts on average. The study of the mathematician Thomas Hanschke shows that queues systems with high utilization have strong similarities to molecules under the influence of Brownian motion. On the basis of this model, there are a number of actions that lead to considerable increase in efficiency.

In the context of probability theory, the mapping of queues is treated in the queuing theory, on this basis in the Business Administration in Operations Research.

In transport theory, a branch of Telecommunications, is also obtained on a specific traffic model with the notion of queue.

In sociology unexpected huge queues ( > 10,000 Waiting ) have been investigated.

Examples

In call centers, a queue forms with callers when all polling places are filled. In the supermarket, individual queues form in front of several parallel funds, the post office is serially serviced and then distributed to the next available switch. This is also the drawing a number at an ATM, with shared waiting in a waiting room and the assignment to a free switch through an electronic display.

Queues in health care

Mean queue in health care that patients receive the required medical service immediately. The result is a time lag between the demand and the use of a performance.

This type of rationing in the health system plays a major role, since the consumption of many medical services is time-consuming and whose costs are covered by health insurance. Queues in front of doctor's offices, hospitals, but also at the national or international level, such as in transplantation arise.

Generally, between two principles are distinguished: The "first- come-first- serve" - principle treated patients preferred that were there first. Under this system, for example, is a family doctor in his practice. The weakness, however, lies in the fact that patients are not assessed on their urgency to go. Result of the principle in the worst case mean the death of a patient in the queue. The second principle goes to the urgency of treatment. In the emergency room of a hospital, for example, triage instruments are used, according to which each incoming patient is evaluated and categorized according to the severity of the disease. Emergencies are then given preferential treatment, while non-urgent cases are treated according to the time of arrival. This may lead to difficulties in classification, as the assessment of urgency is relative and subjective. Thus, the risk of arbitrariness and injustice arises.

The treatment sequence can be organized efficiently in various medical fields, when the patient 's own responsibility, for example, in a clinic select the sector that comes to them in question. These touch screen terminals are well-suited, which can be adapted to treatment and counseling content flexibly. This type of tickets that have an identification number and the location of treatment.

In the range of expected treatment then informed a monitor on the order of treatment as well as additional specific technical or organizational issues.

The principle of the queues in hospitals and large medical practices often referred to as inefficient because it makes no statement about the benefits that a patient expects the medical service provided. Rather, it shows how long a needy is able to maintain and to practice patience. The optimization of reserves in this area are enormous. Alone in clinical outpatient one expects that a 30% higher efficiency can be achieved.