Randlord

The border lords were entrepreneurs, the diamond and gold mining industries in South Africa controlled by the 1870s until the beginning of the First World War.

A small group of European adventurers and financiers, who belonged mostly to the same generation, gained control of the diamond mining in Kimberley in the 1870s. The contractor built a financial and industrial infrastructure, which they then used to order the gold discoveries of 1886 in the Witwatersrand range of hills - exploit in the Transvaal - the edge. At first they were resident in the Transvaal, to then Parktown, expensive district of Johannesburg to settle. Many of them were raised by Queen Victoria because of their services to the baronet.

Known edge of Lords

  • Sir George Albu, 1st Baronet ( 1857-1935 )
  • Leopold Albu (1861-1938)
  • Sir Abe Bailey (1864-1940)
  • Barney Barnato (1852-1897)
  • Alfred Beit (1853-1906)
  • Sir Otto Beit, 1st Baronet ( 1865-1930 )
  • Hermann Eckstein (1847-1893)
  • Friedrich Gustav Jonathan Eckstein (1857-1930)
  • Sir George Herbert Farrar (1859-1915)
  • Adolf Goerz (1857-1900)
  • John Hays Hammond (1855-1936)
  • Sir David Harris (1852-1942)
  • Imroth Gustav (1862-1946)
  • Joel Solomon (1865-1931)
  • Joel Woolf (1863-1898)
  • John Dale Lace (1859-1937)
  • Isaac Lewis (1849-1927)
  • Samuel Marks (1843-1920)
  • Carl Meyer
  • Maximilian Michaelis (1852-1932)
  • Sigismund Neumann (1857-1916)
  • Sir Lionel Phillips, 1st Baronet ( 1855-1936 )
  • Jules Porges (1838-1921)
  • Cecil Rhodes (1853-1902)
  • Sir Joseph Benjamin Robinson, 1st Baronet ( 1840-1929 )
  • Charles Dunell Rudd (1844-1916)
  • Jim B. Taylor
  • Sir Julius Wernher, 1st Baronet ( 1850-1912 )
  • Sir Thomas Cullinan (1862-1936)

Industrial Heritage

After the edge of the Lords of the first generation had died or had withdrawn from the shops, the next generation concentrated on consolidating their businesses by convicted the mining companies in listed companies. A good example of the former operations is the amalgamation of Cecil Rhodes ' activities with De Beers, the Ernest Oppenheimer (1880-1957) was continued. Thus, the market power of De Beers and after 1917 was strengthened that of the mining company Anglo American; Today the capital of AngloGold Ashanti is held. In Johannesburg today, there are other mining companies, whose foundation is attributed to the edge of Lords: examples are Porges and Eckstein's Corner House, today Randgold Resources, Rhodes 's Consolidated Gold Fields was Goldfields Limited, George and Leopold Albu 's General Mining and Finance Corporation became Gencor and Barney Barnato 's Johannesburg Consolidated investment Company or " Johnnies " became JCI Limited.

Cultural and philanthropic legacy

Most border lords came from modest circumstances, some of them were German - Austrian Jews ( German measurement called ), and they used their wealth to ascend socially. Many of them were able to overcome the prejudices against nouveaux riches as well as Jews, were members of the English establishment and appointed a baronet.

The border lords have left in South Africa and England their architectural mark, such as the Parktown Mansions in Johannesburg, designed by Herbert Baker. Many collected art, supported museums and donated large sums to charity. One of the foundations of the Beit Trust, which was built over 400 bridges in southern Africa. Cecil Rhodes founded the Rhodes Scholarship, which allows students financially to visit the University of Oxford. Known for their art patronage was the wife of Lionel Phillips, Lady Florence Phillips.

Modern use of the term

Today, the term edge Lord is also used as a general term for rich South African businessmen. The term is ambiguous, because today's currency is the Rand in South Africa.

Transvaal Province Charles Rudd Anglo American plc The Establishment Florence, Lady Phillips
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