Reinhardtia

Reinhardtia paiewonskiana

Reinhardtia is a Central American native palm species. She is the only member of the tribe Reinhardtieae.

• 4.1 Notes and references

Features

The representatives are small to medium-sized palm trees. They are single-stemmed or clump -forming, non-reinforced, monoecious and repeatedly flowering. The stem is erect, and seldom more than 8 m high, usually much shorter. Sometimes are stilt roots at the base. The internodes are very short to moderately long, the leaf scars on the trunk are striking.

The chromosome number is unknown.

The leaves are pinnate, bifid ( two-piece) or completely divided. If they are split, they are ribbed fiederig and have a short or distinct apical notch. Sometimes form in the leaf blade window, so the leaves dry up on the plant ( Marzeszenz ) or fall off under their own weight. The sheaths are tubular, but do not form a crown shaft. A dry and then form an interwoven mass compared to the petiole. The membranous or fibrous ligule decays with increasing age in individual fibers. The petiole is well developed, concave or flat on the top, at the bottom of rounded or angular. The edge of the petiole may be winged. The Fiederblätten are folded one or more times. Once they are folded so the tip of the pinnule is bifid; they are folded several times, so the tip is pulled up sharply toothed. In some species occur near the rachis along the abaxial folds of leaflets short cracks ( " window "). These types are referred to in English as palms window ( " window - palm "). Leaf sheath, stem and ribs of the young leaves are covered with brown scales.

Inflorescences

The inflorescences are individually between sheets ( interfoliar ) and are protandrous. You are branched spike- shaped or one-to two-fold. They are shorter than, or equally long as the leaves. The peduncle is very slim to medium strong and growing even after flowering or in the length. The cover page is Roehrig, membranous, zweikielig, bears distally two triangular lobes, and is usually in the vagina of the liner sheet included. There is a single bract on peduncle. This is Roehrig or not, oblong, securities and initially enclosed by the cover sheet, later released by the growth of the stem and disintegrating. Rarely is there a second bract. The inflorescence axis running in a simple ear off (for Reinhardtia koschnyana ), or it bears at the top a few, forced standing Rachillae ( flower-bearing axes). These are long, protrude beyond the inflorescence axis, and are in the armpit of narrow, triangular bracts. The lateral axis may be branched, a second time. All inflorescence axes are occupied first and greenish with brown scales. After fertilization, they are orange - red to bright red. The bracts of Rachillae are spirally subdistich or distich (two lines ). They are short, triangular and each one languid flowers triad located in a shallow depression. In the distal region of the Rachillae, individual or paired male flowers are located instead of the triads.

Flowers

The male flowers have a zweikielige, irregularly lobed and divided Brakteole. The three sepals are free imbricat, blunt and concave. The three petals are two to three times as long as the sepals, valvat and grown very short at the base. There are 8 to 40 stamens present. The filaments are short, slender, short fused at the base and connected to the base of the petals. The anthers are baxifix or Medifix, oblong, pointed at the end or bifid. Open latrors be. A stamp rudiment is not formed. The pollen is ellipsoidal or flattened triangular, and from mild to significant asymmetry. The germ is opening a distal sulcus or a Trichotomosulcus. The longest axis measures 37 to 53 microns.

The female flowers have a vorblattartige Brakteole. The three sepals are free, spherical, imbricat. The three petals project beyond the sepals. They are easy imbricat and fused at the base part and distal valvat, or they are consistently valvat. The upper half is spread to blossom. The Stamindoen they fused at the base and fused with the petals very short or up to half of the petals. Distal animal that does any part of the staminodes - ring two to five teeth; these are usually upright and flowering conspicuous. The gynoecium is ovoid or ellipsoidal, dreifächrig at the base, with three ovules. The stylus is solid, the scars are bent back to blossom. The ovules about putting something on the base, their form is not known.

Fruit and seeds

The fruits are one seed, and black are the enlarged, reddish Rachillae. The fruits are usually ovoid or ellipsoidal, with apical scar remains. The exocarp is smooth, the mesocarp is fleshy with two layers of flat longitudinal fibers; endocarp is thin and fragile. The seed is ovoid or ellipsoidal, is basal or side of. Usually he is furrowed by a few vascular strands. The raphe is superficial or pushed. The endosperm is homogeneous or ruminat ( furrowed ).

Dissemination and locations

The representatives are found from Mexico to Panama, a kind of extends to the north-west of Colombia. They are representatives of undergrowth and grow mainly in lowland rainforests. Reinhardtia elegans and Reinhardtia gracilis var tenuissima rise up to 1000-1500 m above sea level.

System

The genus Reinhardtia is placed in the subfamily within the family Arecaceae Arecoideae alone forms the tribe Reinhardtieae. The genus is monophyletic. The systematic position of the tribes within the Arecoideae is uncertain.

In the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, the following types are recognized:

• Reinhardtia elegans
• Reinhardtia gracilis
• Reinhardtia koschnyana
• Reinhardtia latisecta
• Reinhardtia paiewonskiana
• Reinhardtia simplex

Reinhardtia was first described by Frederik Liebmann 1849 type species is Reinhardtia elegans. The genus name was not explained by the first author, it should however refer to a Danish naturalist family.

Documents

• John Dransfield, Natalie W. Uhl, Conny B. Asmussen, William J. Baker, Madeline M. Harley, Carl E. Lewis: Genera palmarum. The Evolution and Classification of Palms. Second edition, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 2008, ISBN 978-1-84246-182-2, pp. 394-397.