Representation term
The term term ( Middle High German and Early New High German of comprehension or begrifunge ) is generally addressed the semantic content of a name. A term is a semantic unit is in marked contrast to word as a linguistic unit. This is also expressed that this semantic unit mentally represented - " understood " - is. Concepts are constituents of thoughts.
There are different uses of the term " concept " - of the inaccurate everyday language, for example, often between " concept ", " name ", " word" and " expression " does not differentiate clearly, to specific uses and explications, and a. various philosophical disciplines in psychology, neuroscience, linguistics, formal approaches in knowledge representation ( see, in particular formal concept Analysis ) and related sciences. In the cultural and historical sciences fall under " conceptual history " research, which are based on historical semantics.
" Term" means in different variants of a so-called semiotic triangle component that mediates between description and the signified. The treatise On concept and object of Gottlob Frege is one of many classics on the subject ( See also predicate ( logic) ).
Etymology
Understand The verb is from the 8th century detectable ( OHG bigrīfan, MHG begrīfen ), the original meaning was " to take, embrace ". One meaning expansion begins in Old High German, with the use as a translation of the Latin comprehendere ( "grasp "). In particular, in texts of mystical theology, the term is used in an extended sense by physical " grasping, grasping" intellectual comprehension as " grasp with the intellect to understand " is extended.
The noun phrase is assigned as of comprehension, already in Middle High German, meaning " circumference, district ". Later, the implications of which was analogous to the verb, to " performance". The word comes in the 18th century, especially by Christian Thomasius and Christian Wolff in use. Its importance is concentrated in the Age of Enlightenment to the "General Introduction " and used for translation of " idea". In philosophical terminology eventually be " term" and "Presentation " separated.
The adjective understand with today's meaning of " course " is, from the Middle High German begri - polite ( " tangible, easily sum up, realizing " ) emerged. In contrast, conceptual, " a term relating to a mental unit ", with the meaning derived from the noun. The adjective obtuse ( " cumbersome in comprehension, slow on the uptake " ) emerged in the mid -19th century.
Terminological definitions in DIN standards
The standards DIN 2330 and DIN 2342 Concepts and terms concepts of terminology theory propose definitions for the terms " concept ", "designation" and related terms. This definition follows in particular the so-called "Vienna School " terminology teaching, as has been heavily influenced by Eugen Wüster. Specifically recommend the DIN guidelines the following definitions:
Generic term and narrower term
The terms " preamble " and " concept " are as terms in DIN 2330: Concepts and terms normalized and always refer to the respective underlying conceptual system.
Parent term
A generic term is a hierarchical system of concepts at a higher level and summarizes several terms a different level. A generic term is then a / the parent / r term, if there are abstraction relationships within the conceptual system. For example, " car " is a generic term of " land vehicle, watercraft and aircraft".
Association term
The Association term is then a / the parent / r term, if there are inventory relationships within the underlying conceptual framework. For example, "Europe" an association concept of "France, Switzerland and Italy".
Inferior term, part- term
A child term is in a hierarchical system of concepts at a lower level. Similar to the relationship between parent term and the preamble is a sub- term a / the child / r term, if there are abstraction relationships within the conceptual system. For example, "land vehicle" means a sub- concept of "vehicle".
A partial concept is the / a child / r term, if there are inventory relationships within the conceptual system. For example, "France" a partial concept of "Europe".
" Term" as a reference between object naming and
In DIN 2330 concepts and terms, it is assumed that there is no direct relation between objects and names, this reference is instead mediated by concepts. The standard used to illustrate the relationships between object naming and word the semiotic triangle:
Concepts and the relations connecting them (equivalence, hierarchy, etc.) play a crucial role in information retrieval and to build the so-called " Semantic Web ". The philosophy of the DIN standards is also based on the mathematical, interdisciplinary theory of Formal Concept Analysis.