Romanesco dialect
The Roman dialect ( Romanesco ) is that variant of the Italian language, which is used in Rome.
Originally, this dialect was spoken only within the city limits of Rome, now he has extended to the suburbs.
Due to immigration from Tuscany, particularly in the 16th century Roman dialect is the (now ) the Tuscan similar than that of the surrounding Lazio. Today's Italian also derives from the Tuscan; and despite certain differences, therefore, there are no major communication problems.
History and regional differences
The influence of the company founded as a Roman colony Florence on the language of the capital began in the fifth century, especially strong he was in the 15th and 16th centuries (see the works of A. Ash and G. Ernst).
The standard Italian has also been strongly influenced by Florence (especially by Dante Alighieri ).
Therefore arise here are great similarities.
The other dialects Latiens, however, are autochthonous; for those who speak only Standard Italian, they are difficult to understand. They are related to Neapolitan.
In the 19th century the Roman dialect poet Giuseppe Gioachino achieved thanks to the Belli, who wrote his works in this very literary significance and national notoriety.
Comparison with standard Italian
The Roman dialect is, apart from some individual lexemes, relatively easy to understand for all Italians. The differences to the standard Italian occur especially on the phonetics, less in the grammar.
The most important annual differences in phonetics:
- The letter j is used instead of the Italian palatal liquid
/ ʎ / used and realized as palatal Approximand (such as the German ). ( example: famija instead famiglia ) - The elimination of diphthongs (eg: core, Bono instead cuore, buono )
- The elimination of l in the specific articles ( 'o, ' a, ' e instead of lo, la, le; dô, dâ, â, ao instead dello, della, alla, allo )
- The doubling of Occlusive and
after a vowel (eg reggina / redʤina / instead regina / reʤina / ) - The cash and cash change from l to r (eg: artro instead altro, ner instead nel )
In morphology, the differences are most likely in the conjugation are particularly evident, though this is basically also is phonological phenomena.
'Talk' In the regular conjugation, in the example parlare / Parla, to the 1st and 3rd person plural distinguished:
Sample sentences
- Stò NNA à l' ar cinema Cò amici mia - sto andando al cinema con i miei amici ' I go with my friends to the movies '
- Ma now č '' ō sapevi che sù fija n'è nnata à scola? - Ma non lo sapevi che sua figlia non è andata a scuola? ' Did you not, then, that his daughter did not go to school? '
- Aò, jeri me sò pijato ' na bira ar bare - ieri ho preso ( pigliato ) una birra al bar' yesterday I was drinking at the bar for a beer '
Literature in the Roman dialect
The most important work that was written in Romanesco, are probably the Sonetti novels of the poet Giuseppe Gioachino Belli ski, a collection of over 2000 sonnets that describe the meager life of the population in the Papal States of the 19th century, partly ironical.
In Novecento the poet Trilussa was the most important representative of the Roman dialect literature.
In the Italian translations of the Asterix comic books, the Romans speak the Roman dialect.
For some notoriety, it also has the book he ever Mo faccio cucchiaio - Il mio calcio the captain of AS Roma, Francesco Totti is brought out, however, largely written in standard Italian.