Rubus phoenicolasius

Japanese wine berry (Rubus phoenicolasius )

The Japanese wine berry or Rotborstige raspberry (Rubus phoenicolasius ) is a species of the genus Rubus in the rose family ( Rosaceae ).

Description

The Japanese wine berry grows as a shrub 1-3 meters high. The two-year stems are initially upright, later climbing, hairy with long reddish brown or wine red hair, stalked glands and intervening scattered, reddish spines.

The dark green leaves are unpaired, usually three, rarely five-piece, feathery. The terminal leaflets are broadly ovate or round ovate, more or less lobed and doubly serrated, 4-8 inches long and 2-5 inches wide and underside white hairs. The lateral leaflets are small and ovate, pointed and nearly sessile, the stalk of the terminal leaflet is 2 to 3 inches long. The linealischen, 5-8 mm long stipules are hairy, 2 to 7 cm long petioles, the sub-petioles and midribs are strongly glandular- hairy and thorny.

The bracts are lanceolate, 5-8 mm long and hairy, margin entire and bilobed at the tip. The inflorescences are umbrella- and at the end of the branches and in the upper axils, the pedicels are 0.5 to 1.5 inches long. The flower cups, like the calyx densely glandular - hairy, the red sepals are lanceolate, hairy inside, opened at flowering time, then the fruit circumaural, later releasing them again. The petals are red, reverse- egg-shaped and much shorter than the sepals.

The numerous stamens are nearly as long as the petals, the punches are slightly longer, the ovary nearly smooth. The collecting stone fruits are nearly round, smooth, orange to red and have a diameter of about 1 centimeter. The chromosome number is 2n = 14

The flowers appear on the rods in the second year. After fruiting, the rods die next winter.

Utilization

The bright orange-red fruits are juicy, aromatic, tangy and very tasty, they are suitable for direct human consumption and also for jam and jelly making. The fruits are rarely maggoty, because presumably insects are intercepted by the glandular secretions around the petals.

Distribution area

Originally native to western China, Korea and Japan, the grape was introduced in 1876 over France in Europe and 1890 in North America. In the eastern U.S. it is invasive, even in areas with mild winters in Europe, it is naturalized. She appreciates sunny and warm locations on humic and calcareous soils.

System

Rubus phoenicolasius was first published in 1872 by Karl Johann Maximowicz in Bulletin de l' Academie Imperiale des Sciences de St. Petersbourg, 17 (2 ), pp. 160-161. This species belongs to the subgenus of the genus Rubus in Idaeobatus.

Evidence

• North American flora, New York Botanical Garden, 1949, Vol 22, Pt. 5, 1913, pp. 441-442: Online.
• Lingdi Lu (Lu Ling- ti ) & David E. Boufford: Rubus in the Flora of China, Volume 9, page 212: Rubus phoenicolasius - Online.