Rural area

The rural area is a room category that (BBR ) is divided higher density and lower density rural districts in rural districts by the German Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning and the urbanized areas, as well as the metropolitan areas facing. Recent work of cultural geography determine the rural functional- genetic and can identify rural areas as endogenous room category with no support on other room types. This approach to definition is much more selective than the classification of the BBR.

In the functional- genetic definition of typical rural structure elements are determined, such as the appearance of a determinant agriculture or ecological compensation function that underlie the classification as a rural region. Through consideration of development paths to rural areas can be viewed not only in its qualitative development. It arises as the way to describe rural regions with characteristic spatial structures in more detail, eg military consequence landscape or loss of culture landscapes. In addition, provides the cultural geography recording rural by a diamond structure as a basis for space creating intervention, eg through regional spatial planning projects.

The settlements of rural areas are functionally closely related to their environment. You do not need to be marked in physiognomy and outline mandatory on the sector. As a settlement is meant any human to live and work together with all its buildings, infrastructure units (streets, roads, squares ), gardens and courtyards, recreation areas and recreational zones, and special economic areas.

Country comparisons

Austria

The Austrian Conference on Spatial Planning ( ÖROK ) featured in the last Austrian Spatial Development Concept ( ÖREK 2001) Rural Areas as follows:

  • Diverse structures and relatively independent
  • No longer equated with the agricultural area
  • No residual complement space, but based on the quality of life of the community
  • Stretched between suburban and peripheral
  • Area of responsibility for the cultural landscapes of Austria - Resources tank for the population
  • Unifying elements such as the lower population density, specific socio-economic structures and social lifestyles that generally differ from those of the urban areas

Great Britain

In the UK, a rural area of the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs is established. This information is used by the last census. A general definition of a rural area, there are not, but the highest point is a space in which to live less than 26 percent of residents in minority cities.

United States

In the United States as a Rural Area ( "Rural area" ) designated areas that are not located in cities.

84 percent of the inhabitants of North America live in urban areas, but which requires only an area of ​​ten percent of the country. The United States Census Bureau, the Ministry of Agriculture of the United States and the Office of Management and Budget ( OMB ) have come together to Rural Areas (English: "Rural area" ) to define exactly. The United States Census Bureau defined a rural area here in relation to the population density, while the Ministry of Agriculture of the United States designated a rural area as a non- urban area.

Canada

According to the OECD, more than 50 percent of the Canadian population live in " rural communities " (English: "Rural community" ), which have a population density below 150 inhabitants per km ². This definition has changed in Canada over time and is now defined as the space outside settlements with 1,000 or more inhabitants per km ².

India

The National Sample Survey Organisation ( NSSO ) defines a rural area as following:

  • A space with up to 400 inhabitants per km ²
  • At least 75 % of the male population is employed in agriculture
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